Carbohydrate intakes | Hazard ratios (95% CI) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | |
Total CVD | ||||
 Total carbohydrates | ||||
  Cases, n (%) | 1049 | 1076 | 1039 | 1024 |
  HR (95% CI) | Ref | 1.07 (0.98–1.17) | 1.06 (0.97–1.17) | 1.05 (0.95–1.16) |
 Refined grain starch | ||||
  Cases, n (%) | 1104 | 1110 | 1021 | 953 |
  HR (95% CI) | Ref | 1.05 (0.96–1.14) | 1.00 (0.92–1.10) | 0.99 (0.90–1.08) |
 Wholegrain starch | ||||
  Cases, n (%) | 1050 | 1061 | 1028 | 1049 |
  HR (95% CI) | Ref | 1.03 (0.95–1.13) | 1.00 (0.91–1.09) | 0.99 (0.91–1.09) |
 Total sugars | ||||
  Cases, n (%) | 1034 | 1004 | 1072 | 1078 |
  HR (95% CI) | Ref | 0.98 (0.89–1.07) | 1.04 (0.95–1.14) | 1.07 (0.97–1.17) |
 Free sugars | ||||
  Cases, n (%) | 941 | 1012 | 1020 | 1215 |
  HR (95% CI) | Ref | 1.04 (0.95–1.13) | 1.00 (0.91–1.09) | 1.13 (1.03–1.23) |
 Non-free sugars | ||||
  Cases, n (%) | 1152 | 1050 | 1003 | 983 |
  HR (95% CI) | Ref | 0.95 (0.87–1.04) | 0.95 (0.87–1.04) | 0.96 (0.87–1.06) |
 Fibre | ||||
  Cases, n (%) | 1023 | 1043 | 1005 | 1117 |
  HR (95% CI) | Ref | 0.99 (0.91–1.09) | 0.92 (0.84–1.02) | 0.94 (0.85–1.05) |
IHD | ||||
 Total carbohydrates | ||||
  Cases, n (%) | 773 | 812 | 788 | 765 |
  HR (95% CI) | Ref | 1.10 (0.99–1.21) | 1.11 (0.99–1.23) | 1.08 (0.96–1.22) |
 Refined grain starch | ||||
  Cases, n (%) | 815 | 814 | 784 | 725 |
  HR (95% CI) | Ref | 1.03 (0.93–1.14) | 1.02 (0.93–1.13) | 0.98 (0.88–1.09) |
 Wholegrain starch | ||||
  Cases, n (%) | 787 | 794 | 753 | 804 |
  HR (95% CI) | Ref | 1.04 (0.94–1.15) | 0.99 (0.90–1.10) | 1.03 (0.93–1.15) |
 Total sugars | ||||
 Cases, n (%) | 774 | 754 | 828 | 782 |
  HR (95% CI) | Ref | 0.99 (0.89–1.10) | 1.10 (0.99–1.21) | 1.07 (0.96–1.19) |
 Free sugars | ||||
  Cases, n (%) | 707 | 749 | 778 | 904 |
  HR (95% CI) | Ref | 1.01 (0.91–1.12) | 0.99 (0.89–1.10) | 1.07 (0.97–1.19) |
 Non-free sugars | ||||
  Cases, n (%) | 882 | 791 | 746 | 719 |
  HR (95% CI) | Ref | 0.96 (0.87–1.06) | 0.97 (0.87–1.08) | 1.00 (0.90–1.12) |
 Fibre | ||||
  Cases, n (%) | 759 | 793 | 752 | 834 |
  HR (95% CI) | Ref | 1.02 (0.92–1.13) | 0.93 (0.84–1.04) | 0.94 (0.83–1.06) |
Total stroke | ||||
 Total carbohydrates | ||||
  Cases, n (%) | 294 | 285 | 268 | 277 |
  HR (95% CI) | Ref | 1.00 (0.85–1.19) | 0.95 (0.80–1.14) | 0.97 (0.79–1.18) |
 Refined grain starch | ||||
  Cases, n (%) | 304 | 313 | 260 | 247 |
  HR (95% CI) | Ref | 1.10 (0.94–1.29) | 0.99 (0.83–1.17) | 1.03 (0.86–1.22) |
 Wholegrain starch | ||||
  Cases, n (%) | 286 | 284 | 292 | 262 |
  HR (95% CI) | Ref | 0.99 (0.84–1.17) | 1.00 (0.84–1.18) | 0.88 (0.74–1.05) |
 Total sugars | ||||
  Cases, n (%) | 275 | 270 | 264 | 315 |
  HR (95% CI) | Ref | 0.96 (0.81–1.13) | 0.91 (0.76–1.08) | 1.05 (0.88–1.25) |
 Free sugars | ||||
  Cases, n (%) | 247 | 283 | 257 | 337 |
  HR (95% CI) | Ref | 1.15 (0.97–1.36) | 1.02 (0.85–1.22) | 1.33 (1.12–1.58) |
 Non-free sugars | ||||
  Cases, n (%) | 293 | 277 | 274 | 280 |
  HR (95% CI) | Ref | 0.91 (0.77–1.07) | 0.87 (0.73–1.04) | 0.84 (0.69–1.01) |
 Fibre | ||||
  Cases, n (%) | 279 | 274 | 269 | 302 |
  HR (95% CI) | Ref | 0.94 (0.79–1.12) | 0.89 (0.74–1.07) | 0.94 (0.77–1.15) |