Table 3 Stratified analysis by body mass index: risk for all-cause and disease-specific mortality by MAFLD subgroup

 < 18.5

No MAFLD

1 (Ref.)

1(Ref.)

1 (Ref.)

1 (Ref.)

MAFLD-diabetes

1.97 (1.79–2.15)

1.46 (1.13–1.89)

2.18 (1.81–2.61)

4.76 (3.88–5.83)

MAFLD-overweight/obese

-

-

-

-

MAFLD-lean

1.68 (1.56–1.81)

1.39 (1.13–1.71)

1.64 (1.41–1.90)

5.03 (4.23–5.97)

 < 23

No MAFLD

1 (Ref.)

1(Ref.)

1 (Ref.)

1 (Ref.)

MAFLD-diabetes

1.46 (1.43–1.49)

1.37 (1.30–1.43)

1.39 (1.34–1.44)

3.14 (2.96–3.31))

MAFLD-overweight/obese

-

-

-

-

MAFLD-lean

1.27 (1.25–1.29)

1.28 (1.23–1.33)

1.23 (1.20–1.27)

2.61 (2.49–2.75)

 < 25

No MAFLD

1 (Ref.)

1(Ref.)

1 (Ref.)

1 (Ref.)

MAFLD-diabetes

1.31 (1.29–1.34)

1.27 (1.22–1.33)

1.24 (1.20–1.28)

2.61 (2.44–2.78)

MAFLD-overweight/obese

1.17 (1.15–1.18)

1.16 (1.13–1.20)

1.16 (1.04–1.19)

2.14 (2.03–2.25)

MAFLD-lean

-

-

-

-

 ≥ 25

No MAFLD

1 (Ref.)

1 (Ref.)

1 (Ref.)

1 (Ref.)

MAFLD-diabetes

1.21 (1.19–1.23)

1.24 (1.19–1.29)

1.13 (1.10–1.16)

3.18 (2.76–3.66)

MAFLD-overweight/obese

1.13 (1.11–1.14)

1.16 (1.12–1.20)

1.09 (1.07–1.12)

1.75 (1.65–1.87)

MAFLD-lean

-

-

-

-

P for interaction

 < 0.001

0.031

 < 0.001

 < 0.001