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Table 4 Number of extra MACEs in the control groups

From: Assessment of redundant randomized clinical trials among patients with ST segment elevation myocardial infarction

Data items

Routine Therapy

Total

Reperfusion

P2Y12 receptor inhibitors

Statins

Anticoagulants

No. of redundant RCTs (%)

210 (53.8)

109 (27.9)

59 (15.1)

12 (3.1)

390 (100.0)

No. of patients in the control group (%)

9714 (51.6)

5379 (28.6)

3,039 (16.1)

687 (3.7)

18819 (100.0)

Extra MACEs (95%CI)

 Death

617 (562, 672)

253 (215, 290)

159 (129, 189)

62 (45, 80)

1091 (1014, 1165)

 Myocardial infarction

154 (127, 182)

251 (213, 287)

161 (129, 193)

10 (2, 19)

576 (519, 633)

 Revascularization

0 (0, 0)

20 (10, 29)

12 (5, 18)

0 (0, 0)

31 (19, 42)

 Stroke

0 (0, 0 )

10 (2, 18)

29 (17, 41)

0 (0, 0)

39 (23, 54)

 Heart failure

422 (372, 472)

85 (61, 110)

123 (96, 148)

116 (94, 139)

744 (679, 810)

 Angina pectoris

343 (299, 387)

294 (253, 335)

149 (119, 180)

38 (23, 54)

823 (754, 893)

 Unspecified MACEs

0 (0, 0)

4 (2, 7)

0 (0, 0)

0 (0, 0)

4 (2, 7)

 Total

1535 (1,442, 1,625)

914 (842, 985)

631 (570, 692)

226 (192, 260)

3305 (3169, 3441)

  1. The number of patients recruited in redundant RCTs and the extra MACEs experienced by the patients recruited in the control groups of redundant RCTs. The extra MACEs are attributable to the deprivation of routine therapies—that is, the number of extra MACEs that could have been prevented had those patients received routine therapy
  2. MACE major adverse cardiac event, RCT randomized clinical trial