| Incident cardiovascular disease (myocardial infarction or ischemic stroke) | P value | AMD or PR (95% CI) | |
---|---|---|---|---|
No (n = 1,163,480) | Yes (n = 61,067) | |||
Age (years) | 60.8 ± 8.0 | 66.9 ± 8.3 |  < 0.0001 | 6.16 (6.10–6.23) |
Income (quartile) | ||||
 Q1 (lowest) | 269,311 (23.2) | 13,247 (21.7) |  < 0.0001 | 1.00 |
 Q2 | 219,661 (18.9) | 10,941 (17.9) |  | 1.01 (0.99–1.04) |
 Q3 | 289,069 (24.9) | 14,843 (24.3) |  | 1.04 (1.02–1.07) |
 Q4 (highest) | 385,439 (33.1) | 22,036 (36.1) |  | 1.15 (1.13–1.18) |
Smoking status | ||||
 Never | 1,121,142 (96.4) | 57,779 (94.6) |  < 0.0001 | 1.00 |
 Ex-smoker | 11,914 (1.02) | 670 (1.1) |  | 1.09 (1.01–1.17) |
 Current smoker | 30,424 (2.61) | 2618 (4.3) |  | 1.62 (1.56–1.68) |
Alcohol consumption | ||||
 None | 1,013,068 (87.1) | 54,967 (90.0) |  < 0.0001 | 1.00 |
 Mild | 144,190 (12.4) | 5827 (9.5) |  | 0.75 (0.74–0.78) |
 Heavy | 6222 (0.50) | 273 (0.5) |  | 0.82 (0.73–0.92) |
Regular exercise | 219,319 (18.9) | 8764 (14.4) |  < 0.0001 | 0.73 (0.72–0.75) |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 24.1 ± 3.1 | 24.4 ± 3.3 |  < 0.0001 | 0.31 (0.28–0.33) |
  < 18.5 | 24,611 (2.1) | 1582 (2.6) |  | 1.37 (1.31–1.44) |
 18.5–23 | 406,916 (35.0) | 18,704 (30.6) |  | 1.00 |
 23–25 | 309,110 (26.6) | 15,474 (25.3) |  | 1.08 (1.06–1.11) |
 25–30 | 375,149 (32.2) | 22,075 (36.2) |  | 1.26 (1.24–1.29) |
  ≥ 30 | 47,694 (4.1) | 3232 (5.29) |  | 1.44 (1.39–1.50) |
Systolic BP (mmHg) | 125.2 ± 16.1 | 129.9 ± 17.0 |  < 0.0001 | 4.71 (4.58–4.85) |
Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 76.8 ± 10.1 | 78.7 ± 10.4 |  < 0.0001 | 1.94 (1.86–2.02) |
Fasting glucose (mg/dL) | 99.0 ± 23.0 | 105.3 ± 33.8 |  < 0.0001 | 6.30 (6.11–6.49) |
Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 209.01 ± 43.8 | 210.1 ± 45.1 |  < 0.0001 | 0.96 (0.60–1.32) |
Comorbidities | ||||
Hypertension | 491,733 (42.3) | 37,169 (60.9) |  < 0.0001 | 2.05 (2.01–2.08) |
Diabetes mellitus | 134,195 (11.5) | 13,492 (22.1) |  < 0.0001 | 2.07 (2.03–2.11) |
Dyslipidemia | 376,475 (32.4) | 21,960 (36.0) |  < 0.0001 | 1.16 (1.15–1.18) |
Age at menarche (years) | 16.4 ± 1.8 | 16.8 ± 1.8 |  < 0.0001 | 0.36 (0.34–0.37) |
 ≤ 12 | 11,793 (1.0) | 373 (0.6) |  < 0.0001 | 0.89 (0.80–0.98) |
 13–14 | 146,603 (12.6) | 5251 (8.6) |  | 1.00 |
 15 | 209,389 (18.0) | 8718 (14.3) |  | 1.16 (1.12–1.20) |
 16 | 244,831 (21.0) | 12,700 (20.8) |  | 1.43 (1.38–1.47) |
  ≥ 17 | 550,864 (47.4) | 34,025 (55.7) |  | 1.68 (1.64–1.73) |
Age at menopause (years) | 50.1 ± 4.0 | 49.6 ± 4.5 |  < 0.0001 | 0.48 (0.45–0.51) |
  < 40 | 19,301 (1.7) | 1637 (2.7) |  < 0.0001 | 1.88 (1.79–1.98) |
 40–45 | 115,815 (10.0) | 8154 (13.4) |  | 1.58 (1.54–1.62) |
 46–50 | 527,997 (45.4) | 28,694 (47.0) |  | 1.24 (1.22–1.26) |
 51–54 | 434,332 (37.3) | 18,815 (30.8) |  | 1.00 |
  ≥ 55 | 66,035 (5.7) | 3767 (6.2) |  | 1.30 (1.26–1.34) |
Reproductive span (years) | 33.6 ± 4.4 | 32.8 ± 4.9 |  < 0.0001 | 0.84 (0.80–0.88) |
  < 30 | 156,340 (13.4) | 11,567 (18.9) |  < 0.0001 | 1.79 (1.74–1.84) |
 30–33 | 351,323 (30.2) | 20,109 (32.9) |  | 1.41 (1.37–1.44) |
 34–36 | 471,279 (40.5) | 21,244 (34.8) |  | 1.15 (1.13–1.18) |
 37–40 | 161,421 (13.9) | 6737 (11.0) |  | 1.00 |
  ≥ 41 | 23,117 (2.0) | 1410 (2.3) |  | 1.37 (1.30–1.43) |
Parity | ||||
 Nulliparity | 28,295 (2.4) | 990 (1.6) |  < 0.0001 | 1.00 |
 1 | 1,062,402 (91.3) | 57,740 (94.6) |  | 0.92 (0.86–0.99) |
  ≥ 2 | 72,783 (6.3) | 2337 (3.8) |  | 1.52 (1.43–1.62) |
Duration of breast feeding (months) | ||||
 Never | 78,590 (6.8) | 2410 (4.0) |  < 0.0001 | 1.00 |
  < 6 | 77,652 (6.7) | 2195 (3.6) |  | 0.92 (0.87–0.98) |
 6–12 | 203,318 (17.5) | 7776 (12.7) |  | 1.24 (1.18–1.30) |
  ≥ 12 | 803,920 (69.1) | 48,686 (79.7) |  | 1.92 (1.84–2.00) |
Duration of HRT (years) | ||||
 Never | 971,399 (83.5) | 54,552 (89.3) |  < 0.0001 | 1.00 |
  < 2 | 112,034 (9.6) | 3709 (6.1) |  | 0.60 (0.58–0.62) |
 2–5 | 45,869 (3.9) | 1537 (2.5) |  | 0.61 (0.58–0.64) |
  ≥ 5 | 34,178 (2.9) | 1269 (2.1) |  | 0.67 (0.64–0.71) |
Duration of OC use (years) | ||||
 Never | 978,738 (84.1) | 52,483 (85.9) |  < 0.0001 | 1.00 |
  < 1 | 111,850 (9.6) | 4992 (8.2) |  | 0.84 (0.82–0.86) |
  ≥ 1 | 72,892 (6.3) | 3592 (5.9) |  | 0.92 (0.89–0.95) |