Table 2 PS-matched HRs for association between SGLT2is versus DPP4is and risk of respiratory events and its components
| Â | No. of events | Person-years | Incidence rate per 1000 person-years | Rate difference per 1000 person-years (95% CI) | Hazard ratioa (95% CI) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Respiratory eventsb | ||||||||
 SGLT2i | 1025 | 225,583 | 4.54 | (4.27 to 4.83) |  − 3.00 | (− 3.44 to − 2.55) | 0.60 | (0.55 to 0.64) |
 DPP4i | 1810 | 240,013 | 7.54 | (7.20 to 7.90) | 0.00 | (Ref) | 1.00 | (Ref) |
Acute pulmonary edema | ||||||||
 SGLT2i | 26 | 226,468 | 0.11 | (0.08 to 0.17) |  − 0.21 | (− 0.29 to − 0.12) | 0.35 | (0.23 to 0.55) |
 DPP4i | 78 | 241,692 | 0.32 | (0.26 to 0.40) | 0.00 | (Ref) | 1.00 | (Ref) |
ARDS | ||||||||
 SGLT2i | 7 | 226,478 | 0.03 | (0.01 to 0.06) |  − 0.04 | (− 0.08 to 0.00) | 0.44 | (0.18 to 1.05) |
 DPP4i | 17 | 241,758 | 0.07 | (0.04 to 0.11) | 0.00 | (Ref) | 1.00 | (Ref) |
Pneumonia | ||||||||
 SGLT2i | 984 | 225,605 | 4.36 | (4.10 to 4.64) |  − 2.74 | (− 3.18 to − 2.31) | 0.61 | (0.56 to 0.66) |
 DPP4i | 1706 | 240,090 | 7.11 | (6.78 to 7.45) | 0.00 | (Ref) | 1.00 | (Ref) |
Respiratory failure | ||||||||
 SGLT2i | 28 | 226,467 | 0.12 | (0.09 to 0.18) |  − 0.13 | (− 0.21 to − 0.05) | 0.49 | (0.31 to 0.76) |
 DPP4i | 61 | 241,730 | 0.25 | (0.20 to 0.32) | 0.00 | (Ref) | 1.00 | (Ref) |