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Fig. 2 | BMC Medicine

Fig. 2

From: Water intake, hydration status and 2-year changes in cognitive performance: a prospective cohort study

Fig. 2

Hydration status, water and fluid intakes continuously with 2-year changes in global cognitive function (z-scores). Data are presented as beta-coefficients and 95% CI. Multivariable linear regression models were adjusted for baseline covariates, including baseline GCF score, age (years), sex, intervention PREDIMED-Plus randomized group, and participating center (≤ 100, 100 to < 150, 150 to < 200, > 200 participants), body mass index (kg/m2), educational level (primary, secondary, or college), civil status (single, divorced or separated, married, widower), smoking habit (current, former, or never), physical activity (METs/min/day), sleep status (hours per day), depressive symptomatology (yes/no), diabetes prevalence (yes/no), hypertension (yes/no), hypercholesterolemia (yes/no), energy intake (kcal/day), alcohol consumption in grams/day (and adding the quadratic term), and caffeine intake (mg/day). Beta represents the changes in global cognitive function, expressed as z-scores, with each hydration or fluid intake component continuously. Bonferroni correction analyses have been run to correct for multiple comparisons and indicate a p < 0.005 is statistically significant

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