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Table 3 Distribution of socio-demographic characteristics amongst patients eligible for NDPP and their association with referral into SP compared to NDPP, cross-sectional study

From: Unravelling the potential of social prescribing in individual-level type 2 diabetes prevention: a mixed-methods realist evaluation

Variables

No referral

21,483 (%)

Only SP

N 3028 (%)

Only NDPP

N 2899 (%)

Both

N 518 (%)

OR (95% CI)

P value

ORa (95% CI)

P value

Gender

Male

10,006 (46.6)

1182 (39.0)

1587 (54.7)

213 (41.1)

1

1

Female

11,476 (53.4)

1846 (61.0)

1311 (45.2)

305 (58.9)

1.38 (1.28–1.50)

<0.001

1.99 (1.78–2.24)

<0.001

Missing

1 (0.01)

0

1 (0.1)

0

Age median (IQR)

49 (39, 60)

53 (43, 63)

52 (44, 61)

54 (46, 64)

1.00 (0.99–1.01)

0.129

0.99 (0.99–1.01)

0.590

Ethnicity

White

5689 (26.5)

831 (27.4)

490 (16.9)

92 (17.8)

1

1

South Asian

9873 (46.0)

1465 (48.4)

1542 (53.2)

266 (51.4)

0.56 (0.49–0.64)

<0.001

0.48 (0.41–0.56)

<0.001

Chinese

342 (1.6)

12 (0.4)

46 (1.6)

6 (1.2)

0.15 (0.08–0.29)

<0.001

0.14 (0.07–0.27)

<0.001

Black

1664 (7.8)

259 (8.6)

289 (10.0)

58 (11.2)

0.53 (0.43–0.65)

<0.001

0.46 (0.37–0.56)

<0.001

Arab

76 (0.4)

13 (0.4)

7 (0.2)

2 (0.4)

1.10 (0.43–2.76)

0.848

1.03 (0.41–2.62)

0.944

Mixed/others

775 (3.6)

104 (3.4)

81 (2.8)

18 (3.5)

0.76 (0.55–1.03)

0.080

0.68 (0.50–0.93)

0.017

Missing

3064 (14.3)

344 (11.4)

444 (15.3)

76 (14.7)

IMD quintiles

1st and 2nd (most deprived)

19,092 (88.9)

2838 (93.7)

2631 (90.7)

477 (92.1)

1.78 (1.33–2.39)

<0.001

2.12 (1.56–2.88)

<0.001

4th and 5th (least deprived)

1115 (5.2)

74 (2.4)

122 (4.2)

17 (3.3)

1

1

Missing

19 (0.1)

3 (0.1)

4 (0.1)

0 (0.0)

  1. OR comparing referral into only SP with referral into only NDPP (baseline category)
  2. IMD Index of Multiple Deprivation, IQR interquartile range, NDPP NHS Diabetes Prevention Programme
  3. aAdjusted by the remaining socio-demographic variables (gender, age, ethnicity, IMD)