Fig. 2

Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve admissions of the predictive models on GDM using identified metabolites and traditional risks. The red line represents the ROC curve of model 3: GDM ~ all traditional maternal risk factors including maternal age, ppBMI, family history of diabetes, prior history of GDM, preconception prediabetes and parity at the preconception phase (R² = 0.048, AUC = 0.620). The yellow line represents the ROC curve of model 5: GDM ~ all eight metabolites identified at preconception in addition to model 3 (R² = 0.377, AUC = 0.843)