Association between epicardial adipose tissue and incident heart failure mediating by alteration of natriuretic peptide and myocardial strain

Table 3 Associations between EAT thickness and adverse cardiovascular outcomes

		Events/ N	Incidence, per 100 person-year	Hazard ratio (95% confidence interval)
		Events/ N	Incidence, per 100 person-year	Crude	P	Adjusted^a	P
HF	Overall ^b	101/1554	0.5 (0.4–0.7)	1.57 (1.35–1.83)	< 0.001	1.43 (1.19–1.72)	< 0.001
	EAT < 9 mm	33/785	0.3 (0.2–0.5)	ref		ref
	EAT ≥ 9 mm	68/769	0.8 (0.6–1.0)	2.28 (1.51–3.46)	< 0.001	1.55 (1.01–2.38)	0.045
AF	Overall ^b	197/1491	1.2 (1.0–1.4)	1.16 (1.01–1.32)	0.030	0.95 (0.83–1.10)	0.53
	EAT < 9 mm	93/757	1.1 (0.9–1.3)	ref		ref
	EAT ≥ 9 mm	104/734	1.3 (1.1–1.6)	1.22 (0.92–1.62)	0.16	0.81 (0.53–1.24)	0.34
CHD	Overall ^b	95/1438	0.5 (0.4–0.7)	1.09 (0.90–1.33)	0.38	0.97 (0.78–1.20)	0.77
	EAT < 9 mm	49/740	0.5 (0.4–0.7)	ref		ref
	EAT ≥ 9 mm	46/698	0.6 (0.4–0.7)	1.04 (0.70–1.56)	0.84	0.79 (0.52–1.21)	0.28
MACE	Overall ^b	206/1554	1.1 (1.0–1.3)	1.42 (1.26–1.59)	< 0.001	1.23 (1.07–1.40)	0.003
	EAT < 9 mm	84/785	0.9 (0.7–1.1)	ref		ref
	EAT ≥ 9 mm	122/769	1.4 (1.1–1.6)	1.59 (1.20–2.10)	0.001	1.11 (0.83–1.48)	0.49

Abbreviations: EAT epicardial adipose tissue, HF heart failure, AF atrial fibrillation, CHD coronary heart disease, MACE major adverse cardiovascular event
^aAdjusted for sex, age, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, estimated glomerular filtration rate, diabetes mellitus, atrial fibrillation (not applicable for the outcome AF), coronary heart disease (not applicable for the outcome CHD), and dyslipidemia
^bThe hazard ratios corresponded to per 1-standard deviation increment of EAT thickness

ISSN: 1741-7015