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Fig. 6 | BMC Medicine

Fig. 6

From: Three tyrosine kinase inhibitors cause cardiotoxicity by inducing endoplasmic reticulum stress and inflammation in cardiomyocytes

Fig. 6

The 3 TKIs cause increased expression of fetal and pro-inflammatory genes through coordinated activation of PERK and IRE1α pathways. A–J Fold changes of Atf4, Xbp1s, Anp, Bnp, Myh6, Nfkb1, Il6, Tnf, Txnip, and Il1b mRNAs in NRCMs treated with 3 TKIs (10 μM afatinib, 10 μM sorafenib, 5.62 μM ponatinib) in combination with or without ISRIB (200 nM) or 4μ8c (10 μM) for 24 h. Data were presented as mean ± SEM (n = 3) and analyzed using ANOVA analysis. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 versus the DMSO vehicle control group. #p < 0.05, ##p < 0.01, ###p < 0.001 versus the TKI treatment alone

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