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Table 1 Cohort characteristics by total physical activity quartile

From: Dose–response relationship between device-measured physical activity and incident type 2 diabetes: findings from the UK Biobank prospective cohort study

Characteristics

Lowest

Low-middle

Middle-high

Highest

Women

4534 (46.3)

5723 (56.0)

6269 (61.4)

6755 (66.2)

Men

5263 (53.7)

4502 (44.0)

3935 (38.6)

3450 (33.8)

Age, years (mean, SD)

57.4 ± 7.7

56.3 ± 7.8

55.7 ± 7.7

54.8 ± 7.7

Ethnicity, n (%)

 White

9548 (98.7)

9967 (98.7)

9967 (98.8)

9900 (98.5)

 South Asian

82 (0.9)

81 (0.8)

72 (0.7)

90 (0.9)

 Black

41 (0.4)

54 (0.5)

46 (0.5)

60 (0.6)

Education qualifications, n (%)

 College or university degree

4705 (53.9)

5134 (55.0)

5014 (53.4)

4707 (50.5)

 A levels/AS levels or equivalent

1222 (14.0)

1261 (13.5)

1377 (14.7)

1275 (13.7)

 O levels/GCSEs or equivalent

1874 (21.5)

2036 (21.8)

2108 (22.5)

2298 (24.6)

 CSEs or equivalent/NVQ or HND or HNC

935 (10.7)

905 (9.7)

887 (9.5)

1050 (11.3)

Townsend Deprivation Index, n (%)

 Lower deprivation

3534 (36.1)

3870 (37.9)

4003 (39.2)

3860 (37.8)

 Middle deprivation

3394 (34.6)

3660 (35.8)

3619 (35.5)

3577 (35.1)

 Higher deprivation

2869 (29.3)

2695 (26.4)

2582 (25.3)

2768 (27.1)

Alcohol intake, n (%)

 Daily or almost daily

2112 (21.6)

2304 (22.5)

2314 (22.7)

2279 (22.3)

 3–4 times a week

2394 (24.4)

2773 (27.1)

2815 (27.6)

2743 (26.9)

 Once or twice a week

2503 (25.6)

2602 (25.5)

2636 (25.8)

2544 (24.9)

 1–3 times a month

1188 (12.1)

1128 (11.0)

1047 (10.3)

1073 (10.5)

 Special occasions only

992 (10.1)

923 (9.0)

851 (8.3)

969 (9.5)

 Never

608 (6.2)

495 (4.8)

541 (5.3)

597 (5.9)

Smoking status, n (%)

 Never

5368 (54.9)

5958 (58.4)

6005 (58.9)

6061 (59.5)

 Previous

3551 (36.3)

3609 (35.4)

3577 (35.1)

3498 (34.4)

 Current

855 (8.8)

638 (6.3)

612 (6.0)

620 (6.1)

Physical activity

 Total physical activity, min/day

263.3 ± 38.8

338.7 ± 15.6

392.2 ± 16.3

476.4 ± 47.4

 Light physical activity, min/day

220.1 ± 33.9

275.2 ± 24.3

312.1 ± 27.8

366.1 ± 42.8

 Moderate physical activity, min/day

40.8 ± 18.2

59.6 ± 19.9

75.1 ± 23.2

103.1 ± 34.6

 Vigorous physical activity, min/day

2.3 ± 3.7

3.9 ± 5.2

5.1 ± 6.2

7.2 ± 7.8

 MVPA, METs/min/week

1273.9 ± 616.8

1886.2 ± 705.4

2388.9 ± 831.6

3292.0 ± 1206.5

Adiposity

 BMI, kg/m2 (mean, SD)

27.9 ± 4.8

26.7 ± 4.2

26.1 ± 4.1

25.4 ± 3.9

 Waist circumference, cm (mean, SD)

92.3 ± 12.8

88.2 ± 12.1

86.1 ± 11.9

83.7 ± 11.7

BMI category, n (%)

 Underweight (< 18.5 kg/m2)

32 (0.3)

40 (0.4)

53 (0.5)

80 (0.8)

 Normal (18.5–24.9 kg/m2)

2751 (28.1)

3818 (37.3)

4437 (43.5)

5108 (50.1)

 Overweight (25–29.9 kg/m2)

4321 (44.1)

4469 (43.7)

4187 (41.0)

3828 (37.5)

 Obese  (≥ 30.0 kg/m2)

2693 (27.5)

1898 (18.6)

1527 (15.0)

1189 (11.7)

  1. Data are presented as mean and standard deviation (SD) for continuous variables and as frequency and % for categorical variables
  2. A levels/AS levels, advanced/advanced subsidiary levels; BMI Body mass index, CSE certificate of secondary education, GCSE General certificate of secondary education, HNC Higher national certificate, HND Higher national diploma, MET Metabolic equivalent, NVQ National vocational qualification, O levels, Ordinary levels, PA Physical activity