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Table 2 Detailed descriptions of the model predictors in the CKB cohort and corresponding risk points

From: Development, validation, and evaluation of a risk assessment tool for personalized screening of gastric cancer in Chinese populations

Variables

Cases/person-years

Regression coefficient

HR (95% CI)

P-value

Points assigned

Age at baseline, years

 40–44

168/845,021

 

Reference

 

0.0

 45–49

236/687,811

0.47

1.59 (1.31 to 1.94)

< 0.001

4.6

 50–54

473/860,063

0.87

2.39 (2.00 to 2.86)

< 0.001

8.6

 55–59

593/666,252

1.33

3.79 (3.18 to 4.52)

< 0.001

13.2

 60–64

572/454,473

1.67

5.29 (4.43 to 6.30)

< 0.001

16.5

 65–69

570/357,890

1.90

6.71 (5.62 to 8.01)

< 0.001

18.8

 70–75

477/236,230

2.13

8.42 (7.02 to 10.11)

< 0.001

21.1

Sex

 Women

1033/2,447,930

 

Reference

 

0.0

 Men

2056/1,659,810

0.87

2.39 (2.15 to 2.66)

< 0.001

8.6

Education

 College or above

102/209,414

 

Reference

 

0.0

 High school

310/630,316

0.40

1.49 (1.19 to 1.87)

< 0.001

4.0

 Middle school

664/1,088,309

0.54

1.72 (1.39 to 2.12)

< 0.001

5.3

 Illiterate or primary school

2013/2,179,701

0.67

1.95 (1.58 to 2.39)

< 0.001

6.6

BMI

 ≥ 18.5

2885/3,943,563

 

Reference

 

0.0

 < 18.5

204/164,177

0.25

1.28 (1.11 to 1.48)

< 0.001

2.5

Pack-years of smoking

 Never (0 pack-year)

1389/2,772,929

 

Reference

 

0.0

 > 0 to < 20 pack-years

559/536,569

0.12

1.13 (1.00 to 1.27)

0.049

1.2

 ≥ 20 pack-years

1141/798,243

0.22

1.25 (1.12 to 1.39)

< 0.001

2.2

Alcohol drinking per daya

 Never or light

2598/3,750,542

 

Reference

 

0.0

 Moderate or heavy

491/357,198

0.17

1.19 (1.07 to 1.32)

0.001

1.7

Intake of fresh vegetables and fruitsb

 Frequent

695/1,134,030

 

Reference

 

0.0

 Occasional

2394/2,973,710

0.10

1.11 (1.01 to 1.21)

0.027

1.0

Intake of salty foodsc

 Occasional

2105/3,146,493

 

Reference

 

0.0

 Frequent

984/961,247

0.40

1.50 (1.39 to 1.62)

< 0.001

4.0

Previous cancer diagnosis

 No

3042/4,089,431

 

Reference

 

0.0

 Yes

47/18,309

1.09

2.96 (2.22 to 3.95)

< 0.001

10.7

Family history of cancer in first-degree relatives

 No

2328/3,366,039

 

Reference

 

0.0

 Yes

761/741,701

0.40

1.50 (1.38 to 1.63)

< 0.001

4.0

History of peptic ulcer

 No

2844/3,939,709

 

Reference

 

0.0

 Yes

245/168,031

0.47

1.59 (1.40 to 1.82)

< 0.001

4.6

  1. HR Hazard ratio, CI Confidence interval, BMI Body mass index, CKB China Kadoorie Biobank
  2. aNever or light alcohol drinking was defined as alcohol intake less than 25 g/day in men and 15 g/day in women in the past year, otherwise was moderate or heavy alcohol drinking
  3. bFrequent intake of fresh vegetables and fruits was defined as eating vegetables every day and fruits ≥ 4 days per week or eating fruits every day and vegetables ≥ 4 days per week, otherwise was occasional
  4. cFrequent intake of salty foods was defined as eating preserved salty vegetables ≥ 4 days per week, otherwise was occasional