Fig. 3
miR-CVB3 + CpGMel significantly inhibits tumor growth in 4T1 breast tumor-bearing Balb/c mice. A Diagram illustrating the therapeutic procedures. B The tumor size of mice in different groups (n = 8 mice/group). C Average tumor weights in different groups (n = 8 mice/group). D Animal survival curves following each treatment (n = 8 mice/group). E TUNEL staining of 4T1 tumor (left) and quantification of apoptosis rate by measuring fluorescent intensity signal (right, 3–5 slides/treatment). The green and blue fluorescences represent apoptotic cells and nucleus, respectively. Scale bar = 100 μm. F H&E staining of different tissues collected at day 14 post-treatment (representative of 3–5 slides/treatment). Scale bar = 50 μm. G Measurement of biochemical parameters, including creatinine, lipase, ALT, AST, and cardiac troponin I in the blood of 4T1 tumor-bearing mice after 21 days of treatment. Data represent the mean ± SD (n = 5). The concentrations of each agent for animal treatment were as follows: miR-CVB3 concentration at 105 pfu/mouse, CpG concentration at 50 μg/mouse, and melittin concentration at 100 μg/mouse. Data in this figure were analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s test to determine differences. The differences in survival rates were evaluated by log-rank test. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001, ****, p < 0.0001. IT, intratumoral