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  1. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common condition that progresses in some patients to steatohepatitis (NASH), cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Here we used healthcare records of 18 m...

    Authors: Myriam Alexander, A. Katrina Loomis, Johan van der Lei, Talita Duarte-Salles, Daniel Prieto-Alhambra, David Ansell, Alessandro Pasqua, Francesco Lapi, Peter Rijnbeek, Mees Mosseveld, Dawn M. Waterworth, Stuart Kendrick, Naveed Sattar and William Alazawi
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:95

    The Commentary to this article has been published in BMC Medicine 2019 17:123

  2. In recent years, we witnessed a resurgence of measles even in countries where, according to WHO guidelines, elimination should have already been achieved. In high-income countries, the raise of anti-vaccinatio...

    Authors: Filippo Trentini, Piero Poletti, Alessia Melegaro and Stefano Merler
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:86
  3. Misleading news claims can be detrimental to public health. We aimed to improve the alignment between causal claims and evidence, without losing news interest (counter to assumptions that news is not intereste...

    Authors: Rachel C. Adams, Aimée Challenger, Luke Bratton, Jacky Boivin, Lewis Bott, Georgina Powell, Andy Williams, Christopher D. Chambers and Petroc Sumner
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:91
  4. Frailty index (FI) is a well-established predictor of all-cause mortality, but less is known for cause-specific mortality and whether familial effects influence the associations. Middle-aged individuals are al...

    Authors: Xia Li, Alexander Ploner, Ida K. Karlsson, Xingrong Liu, Patrik K. E. Magnusson, Nancy L. Pedersen, Sara Hägg and Juulia Jylhävä
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:94
  5. The World Health Organization (WHO) International Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD) is used globally by 194 WHO member nations. It is used for assigning clinical diagnoses, providing...

    Authors: Angélica M. Claudino, Kathleen M. Pike, Phillipa Hay, Jared W. Keeley, Spencer C. Evans, Tahilia J. Rebello, Rachel Bryant-Waugh, Yunfei Dai, Min Zhao, Chihiro Matsumoto, Cecile Rausch Herscovici, Blanca Mellor-Marsá, Anne-Claire Stona, Cary S. Kogan, Howard F. Andrews, Palmiero Monteleone…
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:93
  6. Understanding where adults with diabetes in India are lost in the diabetes care cascade is essential for the design of targeted health interventions and to monitor progress in health system performance for man...

    Authors: Jonas Prenissl, Lindsay M. Jaacks, Viswanathan Mohan, Jennifer Manne-Goehler, Justine I. Davies, Ashish Awasthi, Anne Christine Bischops, Rifat Atun, Till Bärnighausen, Sebastian Vollmer and Pascal Geldsetzer
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:92
  7. In Burkina Faso, facility-based caesarean delivery rates have markedly increased since the national subsidy policy for deliveries and emergency obstetric care was implemented in 2006. Effective and safe strate...

    Authors: Charles Kaboré, Valéry Ridde, Nils Chaillet, Fadima Yaya Bocoum, Ana Pilar Betrán and Alexandre Dumont
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:87
  8. Copeptin is the stable surrogate marker of vasopressin (VP), which is released in response to elevated plasma osmolality or low blood pressure. Elevated plasma copeptin levels are associated with higher risk o...

    Authors: Ilaria Barchetta, Sofia Enhörning, Flavia Agata Cimini, Danila Capoccia, Caterina Chiappetta, Claudio Di Cristofano, Gianfranco Silecchia, Frida Leonetti, Olle Melander and Maria Gisella Cavallo
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:85
  9. It is critically important to conduct research on stigmatized conditions, to include marginalized groups that experience stigma, and to develop interventions to reduce stigma. However, such research is ethical...

    Authors: Joseph Millum, Megan Campbell, Florencia Luna, Arianne Malekzadeh and Quarraisha Abdool Karim
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:84
  10. Brazil’s Estratégia Saúde da Família (ESF) is one of the largest and most robustly evaluated primary healthcare programmes of the world, but it could be affected by fiscal austerity measures and by the possible e...

    Authors: Davide Rasella, Thomas Hone, Luis Eugenio de Souza, Renato Tasca, Sanjay Basu and Christopher Millett
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:82
  11. Resistant hypertension is independently associated with an increased risk of death in the general hypertensive population. We assessed whether resistant hypertension is an independent predictor of all-cause mo...

    Authors: Anna Solini, Giuseppe Penno, Emanuela Orsi, Enzo Bonora, Cecilia Fondelli, Roberto Trevisan, Monica Vedovato, Franco Cavalot, Olga Lamacchia, Marco G. Baroni, Antonio Nicolucci and Giuseppe Pugliese
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:83
  12. Mathematical transmission models are increasingly used to guide public health interventions for infectious diseases, particularly in the context of emerging pathogens; however, the contribution of modeling to ...

    Authors: Anna Maria Niewiadomska, Bamini Jayabalasingham, Jessica C. Seidman, Lander Willem, Bryan Grenfell, David Spiro and Cecile Viboud
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:81
  13. Ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption has increased over the last decades in Westernized countries. Our objective was to investigate for the first time the association between the proportion of UPF (%UPF) in ...

    Authors: Moufidath Adjibade, Chantal Julia, Benjamin Allès, Mathilde Touvier, Cédric Lemogne, Bernard Srour, Serge Hercberg, Pilar Galan, Karen E. Assmann and Emmanuelle Kesse-Guyot
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:78
  14. It is unclear what to do when people with type 2 diabetes have had no or a limited glycemic response to a recently introduced medication. Intra-individual HbA1c variability can obscure true response. Some guid...

    Authors: Andrew P. McGovern, John M. Dennis, Beverley M. Shields, Andrew T. Hattersley, Ewan R. Pearson and Angus G. Jones
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:79
  15. The uterine environment may influence telomere length at birth, which is essential for cellular function, aging, and disease susceptibility over the lifespan. However, little is known about the impact of toxic...

    Authors: Maria Herlin, Karin Broberg, Annachiara Malin Igra, Huiqi Li, Florencia Harari and Marie Vahter
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:77
  16. Multimorbidity is associated with higher mortality, but the relationship with cancer and cardiovascular mortality is unclear. The influence of demographics and type of condition on the relationship of multimor...

    Authors: Bhautesh Dinesh Jani, Peter Hanlon, Barbara I. Nicholl, Ross McQueenie, Katie I. Gallacher, Duncan Lee and Frances S. Mair
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:74
  17. Comorbidity patterns of childhood infections, atopic diseases, and adverse childhood experiences (ACE) are related to immune system programming conditions. The aim of this study was to make a step beyond the h...

    Authors: Vladeta Ajdacic-Gross, Margot Mutsch, Stephanie Rodgers, Anja Tesic, Mario Müller, Erich Seifritz, En-Young N. Wagner, Roland von Känel, Markus A. Landolt, Nina Steinemann, Viktor von Wyl, Enrique Castelao, Marie-Pierre F. Strippoli, Jennifer Glaus, Caroline Vandeleur, Pedro M. Marques-Vidal…
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:75
  18. Warfarin is a widely used oral anticoagulant. Determining the correct dose required to maintain the international normalised ratio (INR) within a therapeutic range can be challenging. In a previous trial, we s...

    Authors: Andrea L. Jorgensen, Clare Prince, Gail Fitzgerald, Anita Hanson, Jennifer Downing, Julia Reynolds, J. Eunice Zhang, Ana Alfirevic and Munir Pirmohamed
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:76
  19. Risk prediction for patients with suspected coronary artery disease is complex due to the common occurrence of prior cardiovascular disease and extensive risk modification in primary care. Numerous markers hav...

    Authors: Dipak Kotecha, Marcus D. Flather, Dan Atar, Peter Collins, John Pepper, Elizabeth Jenkins, Christopher M. Reid and David Eccleston
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:72
  20. Peer support can enable patient engagement with healthcare services, particularly for marginalised populations. In this randomised controlled trial, the efficacy of a peer support intervention at promoting suc...

    Authors: Helen R. Stagg, Julian Surey, Marie Francis, Jennifer MacLellan, Graham R. Foster, André Charlett and Ibrahim Abubakar
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:71
  21. There is a pressing need to understand better the extent and distribution of antimicrobial resistance on a global scale, to inform development of effective interventions. Collation of datasets for meta-analysi...

    Authors: Paul Turner, Andrew Fox-Lewis, Poojan Shrestha, David A. B. Dance, Tri Wangrangsimakul, Tomas-Paul Cusack, Clare L. Ling, Jill Hopkins, Tamalee Roberts, Direk Limmathurotsakul, Ben S. Cooper, Susanna Dunachie, Catrin E. Moore, Christiane Dolecek, H. Rogier van Doorn, Philippe J. Guerin…
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:70
  22. The most prevalent neglected tropical diseases are treated through blanket drug distribution that is reliant on lay community medicine distributors (CMDs). Yet, treatment rates achieved by CMDs vary widely and...

    Authors: Goylette F. Chami, Narcis B. Kabatereine and Edridah M. Tukahebwa
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:69
  23. Blockchain is a shared distributed digital ledger technology that can better facilitate data management, provenance and security, and has the potential to transform healthcare. Importantly, blockchain represen...

    Authors: Tim K. Mackey, Tsung-Ting Kuo, Basker Gummadi, Kevin A. Clauson, George Church, Dennis Grishin, Kamal Obbad, Robert Barkovich and Maria Palombini
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:68
  24. Statins may prevent recurrent ischemic events after ischemic stroke. Determining which statin to use remains controversial. We aimed to summarize the evidence for the use of statins in secondary prevention for...

    Authors: Irene Tramacere, Giorgio B. Boncoraglio, Rita Banzi, Cinzia Del Giovane, Koren H. Kwag, Alessandro Squizzato and Lorenzo Moja
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:67
  25. Pancreatic cancer (PaC) remains extremely lethal worldwide even after resection. PaC resection rates are low, making prognostic studies in resected PaC difficult. This large international population-based stud...

    Authors: Lei Huang, Yesilda Balavarca, Lydia van der Geest, Valery Lemmens, Liesbet Van Eycken, Harlinde De Schutter, Tom B. Johannesen, Vesna Zadnik, Maja Primic-Žakelj, Margit Mägi, Robert Grützmann, Marc G. Besselink, Petra Schrotz-King, Hermann Brenner and Lina Jansen
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:66
  26. Studies have shown that more than half of patients with advanced progressive diseases approaching the end-of-life report pain and that pain relief for these patients is poorest at home compared to other care s...

    Authors: Yousuf ElMokhallalati, Natalie Woodhouse, Tracey Farragher and Michael I. Bennett
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:50
  27. Depression symptom questionnaires are commonly used to assess symptom severity and as screening tools to identify patients who may have depression. They are not designed to ascertain diagnostic status and, bas...

    Authors: Brooke Levis, Xin Wei Yan, Chen He, Ying Sun, Andrea Benedetti and Brett D. Thombs
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:65
  28. The consumption of alcohol increases the risk of drinkers harming others. The extent of alcohol’s morbidity and mortality harms to others in Germany in 2014 was estimated for (1) fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) o...

    Authors: Ludwig Kraus, Nicki-Nils Seitz, Kevin D. Shield, Gerrit Gmel and Jürgen Rehm
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:59
  29. There is growing appreciation that the success of digital health – whether digital tools, digital interventions or technology-based change strategies – is linked to the extent to which human factors are consid...

    Authors: Kit Huckvale, C. Jason Wang, Azeem Majeed and Josip Car
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:62
  30. Whether cognitive decline is related to a higher risk of death independent of the initial cognitive function is inconclusive. Evidence of the association between cognitive decline and mortality among Chinese o...

    Authors: Xiaozhen Lv, Wenyuan Li, Yuan Ma, Huashuai Chen, Yi Zeng, Xin Yu, Albert Hofman and Huali Wang
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:63
  31. There are over 200 million reported cases of malaria each year, and most children living in endemic areas will experience multiple episodes of clinical disease before puberty. We set out to understand how freq...

    Authors: Yaw Bediako, Rhys Adams, Adam J. Reid, John Joseph Valletta, Francis M. Ndungu, Jan Sodenkamp, Jedidah Mwacharo, Joyce Mwongeli Ngoi, Domtila Kimani, Oscar Kai, Juliana Wambua, George Nyangweso, Etienne P. de Villiers, Mandy Sanders, Magda Ewa Lotkowska, Jing-Wen Lin…
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:60
  32. Between August and December 2017, more than 625,000 Rohingya from Myanmar fled into Bangladesh, settling in informal makeshift camps in Cox’s Bazar district and joining 212,000 Rohingya already present. In ear...

    Authors: Flavio Finger, Sebastian Funk, Kate White, M. Ruby Siddiqui, W. John Edmunds and Adam J. Kucharski
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:58
  33. Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a prevalent lifelong infection that appears to be undergoing an epidemiologic transition in the United States (US). Using an analytical approach, this study aimed to char...

    Authors: Houssein H. Ayoub, Hiam Chemaitelly and Laith J. Abu-Raddad
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:57
  34. Girl child marriage, a formal union of a female before age 18, and undernutrition remain common in Sub-Saharan Africa. The aim of this study is to establish the extent to which girl child marriage contributes ...

    Authors: Yvette Efevbera, Jacqueline Bhabha, Paul Farmer and Günther Fink
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:55
  35. Paediatric fever is a common cause of emergency department (ED) attendance. A lack of prompt and definitive diagnostics makes it difficult to distinguish viral from potentially life-threatening bacterial cause...

    Authors: Simon Leigh, Alison Grant, Nicola Murray, Brian Faragher, Henal Desai, Samantha Dolan, Naeema Cabdi, James B. Murray, Yasmin Rejaei, Stephanie Stewart, Karl Edwardson, Jason Dean, Bimal Mehta, Shunmay Yeung, Frans Coenen, Louis W. Niessen…
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:48
  36. Managing hearing communication for residents living with hearing loss and dementia in long-term care settings is challenging. This paper explores how care can be effective in optimising hearing communication f...

    Authors: Brian Crosbie, Melanie Ferguson, Geoff Wong, Dawn-Marie Walker, Stevie Vanhegan and Tom Dening
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:54
  37. The original article [1] contains a minor error whereby the dates for year of first launch and year of first report of adverse reaction for iophendylate in e-Appendix Table 1 are mistakenly presented as 1946 a...

    Authors: Igho J. Onakpoya, Carl J. Heneghan and Jeffrey K. Aronson
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:56

    The original article was published in BMC Medicine 2016 14:10

  38. Guidelines recommend that clinicians should make brief opportunistic behavioural interventions to patients who are obese to increase the uptake of effective weight loss programmes. The objective was to assess ...

    Authors: J. Graham, K. Tudor, S. A. Jebb, A. Lewis, S. Tearne, P. Adab, R. Begh, K. Jolly, A. Daley, A. Farley, D. Lycett, A. Nickless and P. Aveyard
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:51
  39. Falls are the leading cause of fatal and non-fatal unintentional injuries in older people. The use of Exergames (active, gamified video-based exercises) is a possible innovative, community-based approach. This...

    Authors: Emma K. Stanmore, Alexandra Mavroeidi, Lex D. de Jong, Dawn A. Skelton, Chris J. Sutton, Valerio Benedetto, Luke A. Munford, Wytske Meekes, Vicky Bell and Chris Todd
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:49
  40. The concept of reserve was established to account for the observation that a given degree of neurodegenerative pathology may result in varying degrees of symptoms in different individuals. There is a large amo...

    Authors: Robert Perneczky, Gerd Kempermann, Amos D. Korczyn, Fiona E. Matthews, M. Arfan Ikram, Nikolaos Scarmeas, Gael Chetelat, Yaakov Stern and Michael Ewers
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:47