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  1. Verbal autopsy (VA) is recognized as the only feasible alternative to comprehensive medical certification of deaths in settings with no or unreliable vital registration systems. However, a barrier to its use b...

    Authors: Peter Serina, Ian Riley, Andrea Stewart, Abraham D. Flaxman, Rafael Lozano, Meghan D Mooney, Richard Luning, Bernardo Hernandez, Robert Black, Ramesh Ahuja, Nurul Alam, Sayed Saidul Alam, Said Mohammed Ali, Charles Atkinson, Abdulla H. Baqui, Hafizur R. Chowdhury…
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2015 13:302
  2. The free radical/oxidative stress theory of ageing has received considerable attention, but the evidence on the association of oxidative stress markers with mortality is sparse.

    Authors: Ben Schöttker, Hermann Brenner, Eugène HJM Jansen, Julian Gardiner, Anne Peasey, Růžena Kubínová, Andrzej Pająk, Roman Topor-Madry, Abdonas Tamosiunas, Kai-Uwe Saum, Bernd Holleczek, Hynek Pikhart and Martin Bobak
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2015 13:300
  3. Safety and efficacy of primaquine against repeated attacks of Plasmodium vivax depends upon co-administered blood schizontocidal therapy in radical cure. We assessed primaquine (PQ) as hypnozoitocide when adminis...

    Authors: Erni J. Nelwan, Lenny L. Ekawati, Bagus Tjahjono, Rianto Setiabudy, Inge Sutanto, Krisin Chand, Tyas Ekasari, Dwi Djoko, Hasan Basri, W. Robert Taylor, Stephan Duparc, Decy Subekti, Iqbal Elyazar, Rintis Noviyanti, Herawati Sudoyo and J. Kevin Baird
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2015 13:294
  4. The diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease (PD), which is needed for useful symptomatic therapy, is based on clinical criteria. However, it became quite clear in recent years that the same features can occur through...

    Authors: Amos D. Korczyn and Sharon Hassin-Baer
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2015 13:295
  5. Recent studies have identified HIV infection as a potential risk factor for invasive meningococcal disease (IMD), suggesting that HIV-infected individuals could benefit from meningococcal vaccination to reduce...

    Authors: Ruth D. Simmons, Peter Kirwan, Kazim Beebeejaun, Andrew Riordan, Ray Borrow, Mary E. Ramsay, Valerie Delpech, Samuel Lattimore and Shamez Ladhani
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2015 13:297
  6. Acute management of traumatic brain injury (TBI), in particular mild TBI, focuses on the detection of the 5–7 % who may be harboring potentially life-threatening intracranial hemorrhage (IH) using CT scanning....

    Authors: Linda Undén, Olga Calcagnile, Johan Undén, Peter Reinstrup and Jeff Bazarian
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2015 13:292
  7. Glioblastoma is a refractory malignancy with limited treatment options at tumor recurrence. Only a small proportion of patients survive 2 years or longer with the current standard of care. Gene expression prof...

    Authors: Brett J. Theeler and Mark R. Gilbert
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2015 13:293
  8. Reliable data on the distribution of causes of death (COD) in a population are fundamental to good public health practice. In the absence of comprehensive medical certification of deaths, the only feasible way...

    Authors: Peter Serina, Ian Riley, Andrea Stewart, Spencer L. James, Abraham D. Flaxman, Rafael Lozano, Bernardo Hernandez, Meghan D. Mooney, Richard Luning, Robert Black, Ramesh Ahuja, Nurul Alam, Sayed Saidul Alam, Said Mohammed Ali, Charles Atkinson, Abdulla H. Baqui…
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2015 13:291
  9. EASY-Care Two step Older people Screening (EASY-Care TOS) is a stepped approach to identify frail older people at risk for negative health outcomes in primary care, and makes use of General Practitioners’ (GPs...

    Authors: Janneke A. L. van Kempen, Henk J. Schers, Ian Philp, Marcel G. M. Olde Rikkert and René J. F. Melis
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2015 13:287
  10. Globally, countries are increasingly prioritizing the reduction of health inequalities and provision of universal health coverage. While national benchmarking has become more common, such work at subnational l...

    Authors: D. Allen Roberts, Marie Ng, Gloria Ikilezi, Anne Gasasira, Laura Dwyer-Lindgren, Nancy Fullman, Talemwa Nalugwa, Moses Kamya and Emmanuela Gakidou
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2015 13:285
  11. The neurotrophic hypothesis postulates that mood disorders such as bipolar disorder (BD) are associated with a lower expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). However, its role in peripheral bloo...

    Authors: Brisa S. Fernandes, Marc L. Molendijk, Cristiano A. Köhler, Jair C. Soares, Cláudio Manuel G. S. Leite, Rodrigo Machado-Vieira, Thamara L. Ribeiro, Jéssica C. Silva, Paulo M. G. Sales, João Quevedo, Viola Oertel-Knöchel, Eduard Vieta, Ana González-Pinto, Michael Berk and André F. Carvalho
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2015 13:289
  12. Prostate cancer screening using prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is highly controversial. In this Q & A, Guest Editors for BMC Medicine’s ‘Spotlight on Prostate Cancer’ article collection, Sigrid Carlsson and Andr...

    Authors: Sigrid Carlsson, Michael Leapman, Peter Carroll, Fritz Schröder, Peter C. Albertsen, Dragan Ilic, Michael Barry, Dominick L. Frosch and Andrew Vickers
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2015 13:288
  13. In July 2014, an outbreak of Ebola virus disease (EVD) started in Pujehun district, Sierra Leone. On January 10th, 2015, the district was the first to be declared Ebola-free by local authorities after 49 cases...

    Authors: Marco Ajelli, Stefano Parlamento, David Bome, Atiba Kebbi, Andrea Atzori, Clara Frasson, Giovanni Putoto, Dante Carraro and Stefano Merler
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2015 13:281
  14. Verbal autopsies (VA) are increasingly used in low- and middle-income countries where most causes of death (COD) occur at home without medical attention, and home deaths differ substantially from hospital deat...

    Authors: Pierre Miasnikof, Vasily Giannakeas, Mireille Gomes, Lukasz Aleksandrowicz, Alexander Y. Shestopaloff, Dewan Alam, Stephen Tollman, Akram Samarikhalaj and Prabhat Jha
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2015 13:286
  15. The reservoir of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), a long-lived pool of latently infected cells harboring replication-competent viruses, is the major obstacle to curing acquired immune deficiency sy...

    Authors: Chao Liu, Xiancai Ma, Bingfeng Liu, Cancan Chen and Hui Zhang
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2015 13:284
  16. Tobacco smoking is a risk factor for several adverse post-operative outcomes. We aimed to compare the rates of complications in current tobacco users and non-users who underwent primary total hip arthroplasty ...

    Authors: Jasvinder A. Singh, Cathy Schleck, W. Scott Harmsen, Adam K. Jacob, David O. Warner and David G. Lewallen
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2015 13:283
  17. Clinical trial registries can improve the validity of trial results by facilitating comparisons between prospectively planned and reported outcomes. Previous reports on the frequency of planned and reported ou...

    Authors: Christopher W. Jones, Lukas G. Keil, Wesley C. Holland, Melissa C. Caughey and Timothy F. Platts-Mills
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2015 13:282
  18. Migraine is a common, chronic disorder of the brain causing much disability, as well as personal, familial and societal impact. Several oral preventive agents are available in different countries for the preve...

    Authors: Dimos D. Mitsikostas and Alan M. Rapoport
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2015 13:279
  19. (Pro)renin receptor (PRR) is a new component of the renin–angiotensin system and regulates renin activity in vitro. Within the kidney, PRR is highly expressed in the renal medulla where its expression is induc...

    Authors: Fei Wang, Xiaohan Lu, Mi Liu, Yumei Feng, Shu-Feng Zhou and Tianxin Yang
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2015 13:278
  20. It has been suggested that circulating fibrocytes and endothelial cells actively participate in the intense remodelling of the pulmonary vasculature in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Indeed...

    Authors: Sara De Biasi, Stefania Cerri, Elena Bianchini, Lara Gibellini, Elisa Persiani, Gloria Montanari, Fabrizio Luppi, Cristiano Matteo Carbonelli, Luigi Zucchi, Marialuisa Bocchino, Alessandro Sanduzzi Zamparelli, Carlo Vancheri, Giacomo Sgalla, Luca Richeldi and Andrea Cossarizza
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2015 13:277
  21. Schizophrenia is a severe, disabling and prevalent mental disorder without cure and with a variable, incomplete pharmacotherapeutic response. Prior to onset in adolescence or young adulthood a prodromal period...

    Authors: Frank H. Duffy, Eugene D’Angelo, Alexander Rotenberg and Joseph Gonzalez-Heydrich
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2015 13:276
  22. This editorial introduces a series of tutorials by experts, who provide tips and advice for junior reviewers on how to conduct peer review based on specific study designs. The aim of these articles is to provi...

    Authors: Sabina Alam and Jigisha Patel
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2015 13:269
  23. Reproductive events are associated with important physiologic changes, yet little is known about how reproductive factors influence long-term health in women. Our objective was to assess the relation of reprod...

    Authors: Melissa A. Merritt, Elio Riboli, Neil Murphy, Mai Kadi, Anne Tjønneland, Anja Olsen, Kim Overvad, Laure Dossus, Laureen Dartois, Françoise Clavel-Chapelon, Renée T. Fortner, Verena A. Katzke, Heiner Boeing, Antonia Trichopoulou, Pagona Lagiou, Dimitrios Trichopoulos…
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2015 13:252
  24. International evidence-based guidelines recommend physical exercise to form part of standard care for all cancer survivors. However, at present, the optimum exercise intensity is unclear. Therefore, we aimed t...

    Authors: Caroline S. Kampshoff, Mai J. M. Chinapaw, Johannes Brug, Jos W. R. Twisk, Goof Schep, Marten R. Nijziel, Willem van Mechelen and Laurien M. Buffart
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2015 13:275
  25. Ebola causes severe illness in humans and has epidemic potential. How to deploy vaccines most effectively is a central policy question since different strategies have implications for ideal vaccine profile. Mo...

    Authors: Cordelia E. M. Coltart, Anne M. Johnson and Christopher J. M. Whitty
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2015 13:271
  26. Inappropriate treatment of non-malaria fevers with artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) is a growing concern, particularly in light of emerging artemisinin resistance, but it is a behavior that has p...

    Authors: Diana Menya, Alyssa Platt, Imran Manji, Edna Sang, Rebeccah Wafula, Jing Ren, Olympia Cheruiyot, Janice Armstrong, Brian Neelon and Wendy Prudhomme O’Meara
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2015 13:268
  27. Age at breast cancer diagnosis is a known prognostic factor. Previously, several groups including ours have shown that young age at diagnosis is associated with higher prevalence of basal-like tumors and aggre...

    Authors: Hatem A. Azim Jr, Bastien Nguyen, Sylvain Brohée, Gabriele Zoppoli and Christos Sotiriou
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2015 13:266
  28. Greenhalgh and Fahy’s paper about the 2014 Research Excellence Framework provides insights into the challenges of assessing research impact. Future research assessment exercises should consider how best to inc...

    Authors: Sally Redman, Abby Haynes and Anna Williamson
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2015 13:265
  29. Clinicians request guidance to aid the routine use and interpretation of Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs), but tools are lacking. We aimed to develop a Clinical Decision Support Tool (CDST) focused on...

    Authors: Liesbeth M. van Vliet, Richard Harding, Claudia Bausewein, Sheila Payne and Irene J. Higginson
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2015 13:263
  30. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer and the fourth most common cause of cancer deaths globally. However, there is overwhelming evidence that a large proportion of CRC cases and deaths could...

    Authors: Hermann Brenner, Christian Stock and Michael Hoffmeister
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2015 13:262
  31. The present study aims to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of extending the pre-2013 influenza immunisation programme for high-risk and elderly individuals to those at low risk of developing complications follo...

    Authors: Marc Baguelin, Anton Camacho, Stefan Flasche and W. John Edmunds
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2015 13:236
  32. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most important cause of premature death and disability globally. Much is known of the main aetiological risk factors, including elevated blood pressure, dyslipidaemia and sm...

    Authors: F. D. Richard Hobbs
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2015 13:261
  33. Barely a decade after the discovery of the gene encoding proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) and its recognition as a key player in cholesterol metabolism, PCSK9 inhibition is now considered ...

    Authors: Robert M. Stoekenbroek, John JP Kastelein and Roeland Huijgen
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2015 13:258
  34. Diagnosing and treating hypertension plays an important role in minimising the risk of cardiovascular disease and stroke. Early and accurate diagnosis of hypertension, as well as regular monitoring, is essenti...

    Authors: Claire L. Schwartz and Richard J. McManus
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2015 13:256
  35. Studies show that most patients with advanced cancer prefer to die at home. However, not all have equal chances and the evidence is unclear on whether dying at home is better. This study aims to determine the ...

    Authors: Barbara Gomes, Natalia Calanzani, Jonathan Koffman and Irene J. Higginson
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2015 13:235
  36. Data from next generation sequencing technologies uncovered the existence of many classes of small RNAs. Recent studies reported that small RNAs are released by cells and can be detected in the blood. In this ...

    Authors: Emanuela Repetto, Laeticia Lichtenstein, Zoheir Hizir, Nedra Tekaya, Mohamed Benahmed, Jean-Bernard Ruidavets, Laure-Emmanuelle Zaragosi, Bertrand Perret, Laura Bouchareychas, Annelise Genoux, Romain Lotte, Raymond Ruimy, Jean Ferrières, Pascal Barbry, Laurent O. Martinez and Michele Trabucchi
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2015 13:259
  37. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention recommends that high-risk groups, like sexually active men who have sex with men (MSM), receive HIV testing and counseling at least annually. The objective of this...

    Authors: Martin Hoenigl, Christy M. Anderson, Nella Green, Sanjay R. Mehta, Davey M. Smith and Susan J. Little
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2015 13:218