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  1. The consumption of alcohol increases the risk of drinkers harming others. The extent of alcohol’s morbidity and mortality harms to others in Germany in 2014 was estimated for (1) fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) o...

    Authors: Ludwig Kraus, Nicki-Nils Seitz, Kevin D. Shield, Gerrit Gmel and Jürgen Rehm
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:59
  2. There is growing appreciation that the success of digital health – whether digital tools, digital interventions or technology-based change strategies – is linked to the extent to which human factors are consid...

    Authors: Kit Huckvale, C. Jason Wang, Azeem Majeed and Josip Car
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:62
  3. Whether cognitive decline is related to a higher risk of death independent of the initial cognitive function is inconclusive. Evidence of the association between cognitive decline and mortality among Chinese o...

    Authors: Xiaozhen Lv, Wenyuan Li, Yuan Ma, Huashuai Chen, Yi Zeng, Xin Yu, Albert Hofman and Huali Wang
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:63
  4. There are over 200 million reported cases of malaria each year, and most children living in endemic areas will experience multiple episodes of clinical disease before puberty. We set out to understand how freq...

    Authors: Yaw Bediako, Rhys Adams, Adam J. Reid, John Joseph Valletta, Francis M. Ndungu, Jan Sodenkamp, Jedidah Mwacharo, Joyce Mwongeli Ngoi, Domtila Kimani, Oscar Kai, Juliana Wambua, George Nyangweso, Etienne P. de Villiers, Mandy Sanders, Magda Ewa Lotkowska, Jing-Wen Lin…
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:60
  5. Between August and December 2017, more than 625,000 Rohingya from Myanmar fled into Bangladesh, settling in informal makeshift camps in Cox’s Bazar district and joining 212,000 Rohingya already present. In ear...

    Authors: Flavio Finger, Sebastian Funk, Kate White, M. Ruby Siddiqui, W. John Edmunds and Adam J. Kucharski
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:58
  6. Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) is a prevalent lifelong infection that appears to be undergoing an epidemiologic transition in the United States (US). Using an analytical approach, this study aimed to char...

    Authors: Houssein H. Ayoub, Hiam Chemaitelly and Laith J. Abu-Raddad
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:57
  7. Girl child marriage, a formal union of a female before age 18, and undernutrition remain common in Sub-Saharan Africa. The aim of this study is to establish the extent to which girl child marriage contributes ...

    Authors: Yvette Efevbera, Jacqueline Bhabha, Paul Farmer and Günther Fink
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:55
  8. Paediatric fever is a common cause of emergency department (ED) attendance. A lack of prompt and definitive diagnostics makes it difficult to distinguish viral from potentially life-threatening bacterial cause...

    Authors: Simon Leigh, Alison Grant, Nicola Murray, Brian Faragher, Henal Desai, Samantha Dolan, Naeema Cabdi, James B. Murray, Yasmin Rejaei, Stephanie Stewart, Karl Edwardson, Jason Dean, Bimal Mehta, Shunmay Yeung, Frans Coenen, Louis W. Niessen…
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:48
  9. Managing hearing communication for residents living with hearing loss and dementia in long-term care settings is challenging. This paper explores how care can be effective in optimising hearing communication f...

    Authors: Brian Crosbie, Melanie Ferguson, Geoff Wong, Dawn-Marie Walker, Stevie Vanhegan and Tom Dening
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:54
  10. The original article [1] contains a minor error whereby the dates for year of first launch and year of first report of adverse reaction for iophendylate in e-Appendix Table 1 are mistakenly presented as 1946 a...

    Authors: Igho J. Onakpoya, Carl J. Heneghan and Jeffrey K. Aronson
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:56

    The original article was published in BMC Medicine 2016 14:10

  11. Guidelines recommend that clinicians should make brief opportunistic behavioural interventions to patients who are obese to increase the uptake of effective weight loss programmes. The objective was to assess ...

    Authors: J. Graham, K. Tudor, S. A. Jebb, A. Lewis, S. Tearne, P. Adab, R. Begh, K. Jolly, A. Daley, A. Farley, D. Lycett, A. Nickless and P. Aveyard
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:51
  12. Falls are the leading cause of fatal and non-fatal unintentional injuries in older people. The use of Exergames (active, gamified video-based exercises) is a possible innovative, community-based approach. This...

    Authors: Emma K. Stanmore, Alexandra Mavroeidi, Lex D. de Jong, Dawn A. Skelton, Chris J. Sutton, Valerio Benedetto, Luke A. Munford, Wytske Meekes, Vicky Bell and Chris Todd
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:49
  13. The concept of reserve was established to account for the observation that a given degree of neurodegenerative pathology may result in varying degrees of symptoms in different individuals. There is a large amo...

    Authors: Robert Perneczky, Gerd Kempermann, Amos D. Korczyn, Fiona E. Matthews, M. Arfan Ikram, Nikolaos Scarmeas, Gael Chetelat, Yaakov Stern and Michael Ewers
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:47
  14. Leading malaria vaccine, RTS,S, is based on the circumsporozoite protein (CSP) of sporozoites. RTS,S confers partial protection against malaria in children, but efficacy wanes relatively quickly after primary ...

    Authors: Liriye Kurtovic, Paul A. Agius, Gaoqian Feng, Damien R. Drew, Itziar Ubillos, Jahit Sacarlal, John J. Aponte, Freya J. I. Fowkes, Carlota Dobaño and James G. Beeson
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:45
  15. Adopting clinical genomics represents a major systems-level intervention requiring diverse expertise and collective learning. The Australian Genomic Health Alliance (Australian Genomics) is strategically linki...

    Authors: Janet C. Long, Chiara Pomare, Stephanie Best, Tiffany Boughtwood, Kathryn North, Louise A. Ellis, Kate Churruca and Jeffrey Braithwaite
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:44
  16. Sustainable Development Goals set a challenge for the elimination of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection as a public health concern by the year 2030. Deployment of a robust prophylactic vaccine and enhanced inte...

    Authors: Anna L. McNaughton, José Lourenço, Louise Hattingh, Emily Adland, Samantha Daniels, Anriette Van Zyl, Connie S. Akiror, Susan Wareing, Katie Jeffery, M. Azim Ansari, Paul Klenerman, Philip J. R. Goulder, Sunetra Gupta, Pieter Jooste and Philippa C. Matthews
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:43
  17. Cathelicidins are a major group of natural antimicrobial peptides which play essential roles in regulating host defense and immunity. In addition to the antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities, recent st...

    Authors: Yihua Bei, Li-Long Pan, Qiulian Zhou, Cuimei Zhao, Yuan Xie, Chengfei Wu, Xiangmin Meng, Huanyu Gu, Jiahong Xu, Lei Zhou, Joost P. G. Sluijter, Saumya Das, Birgitta Agerberth, Jia Sun and Junjie Xiao
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:42
  18. Recently, euthanasia and assisted suicide (EAS) in patients with psychiatric disorders, dementia, or an accumulation of health problems has taken a prominent place in the public debate. However, limited is kno...

    Authors: Kirsten Evenblij, H. Roeline W. Pasman, Agnes van der Heide, Trynke Hoekstra and Bregje D. Onwuteaka-Philipsen
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:39
  19. Thymic size in early infancy predicts subsequent survival in low-income settings. The human thymus develops from early gestation, is most active in early life and is highly sensitive to malnutrition. Our objec...

    Authors: Sophie E. Moore, Anthony J. C. Fulford, Fatou Sosseh, Patrick Nshe, Momodou K. Darboe and Andrew M. Prentice
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:38
  20. The original article [1] contained two minor errors.

    Authors: Michael Berk, Alyna Turner, Gin S. Malhi, Chee H. Ng, Susan M. Cotton, Seetal Dodd, Yuval Samuni, Michelle Tanious, Claire McAulay, Nathan Dowling, Jerome Sarris, Lauren Owen, Astrid Waterdrinker, Deidre Smith and Olivia M. Dean
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:35

    The original article was published in BMC Medicine 2019 17:18

  21. Researchers have long recognized that stigma is a global, multi-level phenomenon requiring intervention approaches that target multiple levels including individual, interpersonal, community, and structural lev...

    Authors: Deepa Rao, Ahmed Elshafei, Minh Nguyen, Mark L. Hatzenbuehler, Sarah Frey and Vivian F. Go
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:41
  22. Stigma is a well-documented barrier to health seeking behavior, engagement in care and adherence to treatment across a range of health conditions globally. In order to halt the stigmatization process and mitig...

    Authors: Anne L. Stangl, Valerie A. Earnshaw, Carmen H. Logie, Wim van Brakel, Leickness C. Simbayi, Iman Barré and John F. Dovidio
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:31
  23. Stigma in health facilities undermines diagnosis, treatment, and successful health outcomes. Addressing stigma is fundamental to delivering quality healthcare and achieving optimal health. This correspondence ...

    Authors: Laura Nyblade, Melissa A. Stockton, Kayla Giger, Virginia Bond, Maria L. Ekstrand, Roger Mc Lean, Ellen M. H. Mitchell, La Ron E. Nelson, Jaime C. Sapag, Taweesap Siraprapasiri, Janet Turan and Edwin Wouters
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:25
  24. Stigma is associated with health conditions that drive disease burden in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), including HIV, tuberculosis, mental health problems, epilepsy, and substance use disorders. Ho...

    Authors: Jeremy C. Kane, Melissa A. Elafros, Sarah M. Murray, Ellen M. H. Mitchell, Jura L. Augustinavicius, Sara Causevic and Stefan D. Baral
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:17
  25. Many health conditions perceived to be contagious, dangerous or incurable, or resulting in clearly visible signs, share a common attribute – an association with stigma and discrimination. While the etiology of...

    Authors: Wim H. van Brakel, Janine Cataldo, Sandeep Grover, Brandon A. Kohrt, Laura Nyblade, Melissa Stockton, Edwin Wouters and Lawrence H. Yang
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:13
  26. ‘Intersectional stigma’ is a concept that has emerged to characterize the convergence of multiple stigmatized identities within a person or group, and to address their joint effects on health and wellbeing. Wh...

    Authors: Janet M. Turan, Melissa A. Elafros, Carmen H. Logie, Swagata Banik, Bulent Turan, Kaylee B. Crockett, Bernice Pescosolido and Sarah M. Murray
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:7
  27. Interventions to alleviate stigma are demonstrating effectiveness across a range of conditions, though few move beyond the pilot phase, especially in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Implementation sc...

    Authors: Christopher G. Kemp, Brooke A. Jarrett, Churl-Su Kwon, Lanxin Song, Nathalie Jetté, Jaime C. Sapag, Judith Bass, Laura Murray, Deepa Rao and Stefan Baral
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:6
  28. High-throughput non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) for fetal Rhesus D (RhD) status could avoid unnecessary treatment with anti-D immunoglobulin for RhD-negative women found to be carrying an RhD-negative fet...

    Authors: Huiqin Yang, Alexis Llewellyn, Ruth Walker, Melissa Harden, Pedro Saramago, Susan Griffin and Mark Simmonds
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:37
  29. Financial risk protection (FRP) is a key objective of national health systems and a core pillar of universal health coverage (UHC). Yet, little is known about the disease-specific distribution of catastrophic ...

    Authors: Annie Haakenstad, Matthew Coates, Andrew Marx, Gene Bukhman and Stéphane Verguet
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:36
  30. In 2012, the UK introduced medical revalidation, whereby to retain their licence all doctors are required to show periodically that they are up to date and fit to practise medicine. Early reports suggested tha...

    Authors: Nils Gutacker, Karen Bloor, Chris Bojke, Julian Archer and Kieran Walshe
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:33
  31. Almost all countries without complete vital registration systems have data on deaths collected by hospitals. However, these data have not been widely used to estimate cause of death (COD) patterns in populatio...

    Authors: Gail M. Williams, Ian Douglas Riley, Riley H. Hazard, Hafizur R. Chowhury, Nurul Alam, Peter Kim Streafield, Veronica Tallo, Diozele Sanvictores, Marilla Lucero, Tim Adair and Alan D. Lopez
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:29
  32. The India Newborn Action Plan (INAP) aims for < 10 stillbirths per 1000 births by 2030. A population-based understanding of risk factors for stillbirths compared with live births that could assist with reducti...

    Authors: Rakhi Dandona, G. Anil Kumar, Md. Akbar, Debarshi Bhattacharya, Priya Nanda and Lalit Dandona
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:28
  33. Newborn telomere length (TL) is considered a potential marker for future disease and lifelong health, but few epidemiological studies have examined the determinants of TL in early life. The study aim was to in...

    Authors: Lina Zhang, Lulu Song, Bingqing Liu, Mingyang Wu, Lulin Wang, Bin Zhang, Chao Xiong, Wei Xia, Yuanyuan Li, Zhongqiang Cao, Youjie Wang and Shunqing Xu
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:27
  34. Tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant public health problem in Canadian Inuit communities. In 2016, Canadian Inuit had an incidence rate 35 times the Canadian average. Tobacco use is an important risk factor...

    Authors: Dieynaba S. N’Diaye, Ntwali Placide Nsengiyumva, Aashna Uppal, Olivia Oxlade, Gonzalo G. Alvarez and Kevin Schwartzman
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:26
  35. China has transitioned from being one of the fastest-growing populations to among the most rapidly aging countries worldwide. In particular, the population of oldest-old individuals, those aged 80+, is project...

    Authors: Zuyun Liu, Ling Han, Qiushi Feng, Matthew E. Dupre, Danan Gu, Heather G. Allore, Thomas M. Gill and Collin F. Payne
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:23
  36. Breast cancer patients who have not previously attended mammography screening may be more likely to discontinue adjuvant hormone therapy and therefore have a worse disease prognosis.

    Authors: Wei He, Louise Eriksson, Sven Törnberg, Fredrik Strand, Per Hall and Kamila Czene
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:24
  37. Antibodies against merozoite antigens are key components of malaria immunity. The naturally acquired antibody response to these antigens is generally considered short-lived; however, the underlying mechanisms ...

    Authors: Victor Yman, Michael T. White, Muhammad Asghar, Christopher Sundling, Klara Sondén, Simon J. Draper, Faith H. A. Osier and Anna Färnert
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:22
  38. A sizeable fraction of tuberculosis (TB) cases go undiagnosed. By analysing data from enhanced demographic, microbiological and geospatial surveillance of TB registrations, we aimed to identify modifiable pred...

    Authors: Peter MacPherson, McEwen Khundi, Marriott Nliwasa, Augustine T. Choko, Vincent K. Phiri, Emily L. Webb, Peter J. Dodd, Ted Cohen, Rebecca Harris and Elizabeth L. Corbett
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:21
  39. There is an increasing recognition that children remain at elevated risk of death following discharge from health facilities in resource-poor settings. Diarrhea has previously been highlighted as a risk factor...

    Authors: Alison Talbert, Moses Ngari, Evasius Bauni, Martha Mwangome, Neema Mturi, Mark Otiende, Kathryn Maitland, Judd Walson and James A. Berkley
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:20
  40. A phasic dysregulation of mitochondrial bioenergetics may operate in bipolar disorder, increased in mania and decreased in depression. We aimed to examine efficacy of two add-on treatments in bipolar depression:

    Authors: Michael Berk, Alyna Turner, Gin S. Malhi, Chee H. Ng, Susan M. Cotton, Seetal Dodd, Yuval Samuni, Michelle Tanious, Claire McAulay, Nathan Dowling, Jerome Sarris, Lauren Owen, Astrid Waterdrinker, Deidre Smith and Olivia M. Dean
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:18

    The Correction to this article has been published in BMC Medicine 2019 17:35

  41. The risk of hepatic steatosis may be reduced through changes to dietary intakes, but evidence is sparse, especially for dietary patterns including the Mediterranean diet. We investigated the association betwee...

    Authors: Saman Khalatbari-Soltani, Fumiaki Imamura, Soren Brage, Emanuella De Lucia Rolfe, Simon J Griffin, Nicholas J Wareham, Pedro Marques-Vidal and Nita G Forouhi
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:19
  42. It is challenging to engage repeat users of unscheduled healthcare with severe health anxiety in psychological help and high service costs are incurred. We investigated whether clinical and economic outcomes w...

    Authors: Richard Morriss, Shireen Patel, Sam Malins, Boliang Guo, Fred Higton, Marilyn James, Mengjun Wu, Paula Brown, Naomi Boycott, Catherine Kaylor-Hughes, Martin Morris, Emma Rowley, Jayne Simpson, David Smart, Michelle Stubley, Joe Kai…
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2019 17:16