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  1. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is often accompanied by multiple comorbidities, which are associated with an increased risk of exacerbation, a poor health-related quality of life, and high mortali...

    Authors: Hyun Lee, Sun Hye Shin, Seonhye Gu, Di Zhao, Danbee Kang, Yeong Rae Joi, Gee Young Suh, Roberto Pastor-Barriuso, Eliseo Guallar, Juhee Cho and Hye Yun Park
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2018 16:178
  2. Zika virus (ZIKV) emerged in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) region in 2013, with serious implications for population health in the region. In 2016, the World Health Organization declared the ZIKV outbre...

    Authors: Kathleen M. O’Reilly, Rachel Lowe, W. John Edmunds, Philippe Mayaud, Adam Kucharski, Rosalind M. Eggo, Sebastian Funk, Deepit Bhatia, Kamran Khan, Moritz U. G. Kraemer, Annelies Wilder-Smith, Laura C. Rodrigues, Patricia Brasil, Eduardo Massad, Thomas Jaenisch, Simon Cauchemez…
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2018 16:180
  3. Humanity has become largely dependent on artemisinin derivatives for both the treatment and control of malaria, with few alternatives available. A Plasmodium falciparum phenotype with delayed parasite clearance d...

    Authors: Rajeev K. Tyagi, Patrick J. Gleeson, Ludovic Arnold, Rachida Tahar, Eric Prieur, Laurent Decosterd, Jean-Louis Pérignon, Piero Olliaro and Pierre Druilhe
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2018 16:181
  4. Refugees are generally considered a vulnerable population, with refugee children (newborn and young children) being particularly so. Access to healthcare for this population remains a challenge. The main purpo...

    Authors: Anna Meyer-Weitz, Kwaku Oppong Asante and Bukenge J. Lukobeka
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2018 16:163
  5. Social and cultural disparities in infectious disease burden are caused by systematic differences between communities. Some differences have a direct and proportional impact on disease burden, such as health-s...

    Authors: James D. Munday, Albert Jan van Hoek, W. John Edmunds and Katherine E. Atkins
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2018 16:162
  6. Chronic diseases and musculoskeletal conditions have a significant global burden and frequently co-occur. Musculoskeletal conditions may contribute to the development of chronic disease; however, this has not ...

    Authors: Amanda Williams, Steven J. Kamper, John H. Wiggers, Kate M. O’Brien, Hopin Lee, Luke Wolfenden, Sze Lin Yoong, Emma Robson, James H. McAuley, Jan Hartvigsen and Christopher M. Williams
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2018 16:167
  7. Various individual biomarkers of inflammation and micronutrient status, often correlated with each other, are associated with adverse treatment outcomes in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected adults. T...

    Authors: Rupak Shivakoti, Nikhil Gupte, Srikanth Tripathy, Selvamuthu Poongulali, Cecilia Kanyama, Sima Berendes, Sandra W. Cardoso, Breno R. Santos, Alberto La Rosa, Noluthando Mwelase, Sandy Pillay, Wadzanai Samaneka, Cynthia Riviere, Patcharaphan Sugandhavesa, Robert C. Bollinger, Ashwin Balagopal…
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2018 16:161
  8. Low birth weight (LBW) and preterm birth (PTB) are major contributors to infant mortality and chronic childhood morbidity. Understanding factors that contribute to or protect against these adverse birth outcom...

    Authors: Freya J. I. Fowkes, Kerryn A. Moore, D. Herbert Opi, Julie A. Simpson, Freya Langham, Danielle I. Stanisic, Alice Ura, Christopher L. King, Peter M. Siba, Ivo Mueller, Stephen J. Rogerson and James G. Beeson
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2018 16:156

    The Correspondence to this article has been published in BMC Medicine 2019 17:146

  9. A first UN General Assembly high-level meeting on the fight against tuberculosis (TB) will take place on September 26, 2018. It offers the opportunity to forge new concrete commitments and action needed to fin...

    Authors: Diana Weil, Kristijan Marinkovic and Tereza Kasaeva
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2018 16:172
  10. The choice of the most appropriate antithrombotic regimen that balances ischemic and bleeding risks was addressed by the August 2017 European Society of Cardiologists (ESC)/European Association for Cardio-Thor...

    Authors: Adrian Covic, Simonetta Genovesi, Patrick Rossignol, Philip A. Kalra, Alberto Ortiz, Maciej Banach and Alexandru Burlacu
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2018 16:158
  11. Despite increasing numbers of refugee women-at-risk being resettled and their potential vulnerability, there exists no empirical research into the psychiatric health of this unique subgroup with which to guide...

    Authors: Robert D. Schweitzer, Lyn Vromans, Mark Brough, Mary Asic-Kobe, Ignacio Correa-Velez, Kate Murray and Caroline Lenette
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2018 16:149
  12. Universal health coverage (UHC) aims to improve child health through preventive primary care and vaccine coverage. Yet, in many developed countries with UHC, unplanned and ambulatory care sensitive (ACS) hospi...

    Authors: Elizabeth Cecil, Alex Bottle, Richard Ma, Dougal S. Hargreaves, Ingrid Wolfe, Arch G. Mainous III and Sonia Saxena
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2018 16:151
  13. Despite the biological plausibility of hotspots fueling malaria transmission, the evidence to support this concept has been mixed. If transmission spreads from high burden to low burden households in a consist...

    Authors: Gillian H. Stresman, Julia Mwesigwa, Jane Achan, Emanuele Giorgi, Archibald Worwui, Musa Jawara, Gian Luca Di Tanna, Teun Bousema, Jean-Pierre Van Geertruyden, Chris Drakeley and Umberto D’Alessandro
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2018 16:160
  14. In August 2014, the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS), a terrorist organization, attacked the Yazidi’s ancestral homeland in northwestern Iraq. Among other atrocities, they abducted thousands of women and...

    Authors: Hawkar Ibrahim, Verena Ertl, Claudia Catani, Azad Ali Ismail and Frank Neuner
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2018 16:154
  15. Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is among the leading causes of liver disease worldwide. It is increasingly recognized that the phenotype of NASH may involve a number of different pathways, of which each c...

    Authors: Zobair M. Younossi, Azza Karrar, Mariaelena Pierobon, Aybike Birerdinc, Maria Stepanova, Dinan Abdelatif, Zahra Younoszai, Thomas Jeffers, Sean Felix, Kianoush Jeiran, Alex Hodge, Weidong Zhou, Fanny Monge, Lakshmi Alaparthi, Vikas Chandhoke, Zachary D. Goodman…
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2018 16:170
  16. The heterogeneity of symptoms across dementia subtypes has important implications for clinical practice and dementia research. Variation in subtypes and associated symptoms may influence the capability to live...

    Authors: Yu-Tzu Wu, Linda Clare, John V. Hindle, Sharon M. Nelis, Anthony Martyr and Fiona E. Matthews
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2018 16:140
  17. Since 2013, a biennial rotavirus pattern has emerged in the Netherlands with alternating high and low endemic years and a nearly 50% reduction in rotavirus hospitalization rates overall, while infant rotavirus...

    Authors: P. Bruijning-Verhagen, J. A. P. van Dongen, J. D. M. Verberk, R. Pijnacker, R. D. van Gaalen, D. Klinkenberg, H. E. de Melker and M.-J. J. Mangen
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2018 16:168
  18. The science of complex systems has been proposed as a way of understanding health services and the demand for them, but there is little quantitative evidence to support this. We analysed patterns of healthcare...

    Authors: Christopher Burton, Alison Elliott, Amanda Cochran and Tom Love
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2018 16:138
  19. Brazil has high burdens of tuberculosis (TB) and HIV, as previously estimated for the 26 states and the Federal District, as well as high levels of inequality in social and health indicators. We improved the g...

    Authors: Jennifer M. Ross, Nathaniel J. Henry, Laura A. Dwyer-Lindgren, Andrea de Paula Lobo, Fatima Marinho de Souza, Molly H. Biehl, Sarah E. Ray, Robert C. Reiner Jr, Rebecca W. Stubbs, Kirsten E. Wiens, Lucas Earl, Michael J. Kutz, Natalia V. Bhattacharjee, Hmwe H. Kyu, Mohsen Naghavi and Simon I. Hay
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2018 16:144
  20. There is increasing interest in estimating the broader benefits of public health interventions beyond those captured in traditional cost-utility analyses. Cost-benefit analysis (CBA) in principle offers a way ...

    Authors: Minah Park, Mark Jit and Joseph T. Wu
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2018 16:139
  21. The ever-increasing number of reasons forcing people to flee from their homes to new, safer places either within their countries of origin, into neighbouring countries or across continental, conversant and cul...

    Authors: Mina Fazel
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2018 16:164

    The original article was published in BMC Medicine 2018 16:157

  22. High-income countries like Australia play a vital role in resettling refugees from around the world, half of whom are children and adolescents. Informed by an ecological framework, this study examined the post...

    Authors: Winnie Lau, Derrick Silove, Ben Edwards, David Forbes, Richard Bryant, Alexander McFarlane, Dusan Hadzi-Pavlovic, Zachary Steel, Angela Nickerson, Miranda Van Hooff, Kim Felmingham, Sean Cowlishaw, Nathan Alkemade, Dzenana Kartal and Meaghan O’Donnell
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2018 16:157

    The Commentary to this article has been published in BMC Medicine 2018 16:164

  23. We have previously conducted computer-based tournaments to compare the yield of alternative approaches to deploying mobile HIV testing services in settings where the prevalence of undetected infection may be c...

    Authors: Gregg S. Gonsalves, J. Tyler Copple, Tyler Johnson, A. David Paltiel and Joshua L. Warren
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2018 16:155
  24. The association between Institute of Medicine (IOM) guidelines and pregnancy outcomes across ethnicities is uncertain. We evaluated the associations of gestational weight gain (GWG) outside 2009 IOM guidelines...

    Authors: Rebecca F. Goldstein, Sally K. Abell, Sanjeeva Ranasinha, Marie L. Misso, Jacqueline A. Boyle, Cheryce L. Harrison, Mary Helen Black, Nan Li, Gang Hu, Francesco Corrado, Hanne Hegaard, Young Ju Kim, Margaretha Haugen, Won O. Song, Min Hyoung Kim, Annick Bogaerts…
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2018 16:153
  25. Mathematical models of transmission dynamics are routinely fitted to epidemiological time series, which must inevitably be aggregated at some spatial scale. Weekly case reports of chikungunya have been made av...

    Authors: Sean M. Moore, Quirine A. ten Bosch, Amir S. Siraj, K. James Soda, Guido España, Alfonso Campo, Sara Gómez, Daniela Salas, Benoit Raybaud, Edward Wenger, Philip Welkhoff and T. Alex Perkins
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2018 16:152
  26. Introduced in 2004, the United Kingdom’s (UK) Quality and Outcomes Framework (QOF) is the world’s largest primary-care pay-for-performance programme. Given some evidence of the benefits and the substantial cos...

    Authors: Ankur Pandya, Tim Doran, Jinyi Zhu, Simon Walker, Emily Arntson and Andrew M. Ryan
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2018 16:135
  27. The UK, like a number of other countries, has a refugee resettlement programme. External factors, such as higher prevalence of infectious diseases in the country of origin and circumstances of travel, are like...

    Authors: Alison F. Crawshaw, Manish Pareek, John Were, Steffen Schillinger, Olga Gorbacheva, Kolitha P. Wickramage, Sema Mandal, Valerie Delpech, Noel Gill, Hilary Kirkbride and Dominik Zenner
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2018 16:143
  28. Personalized, precision, P4, or stratified medicine is understood as a medical approach in which patients are stratified based on their disease subtype, risk, prognosis, or treatment response using specialized...

    Authors: Holger Fröhlich, Rudi Balling, Niko Beerenwinkel, Oliver Kohlbacher, Santosh Kumar, Thomas Lengauer, Marloes H. Maathuis, Yves Moreau, Susan A. Murphy, Teresa M. Przytycka, Michael Rebhan, Hannes Röst, Andreas Schuppert, Matthias Schwab, Rainer Spang, Daniel Stekhoven…
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2018 16:150
  29. The original article [1] contains errors in Table 1 affecting some of the presented oligonucleotide sequences and readthrough values in Table 1.

    Authors: I. Sermet-Gaudelus, M. Renouil, A. Fajac, L. Bidou, B. Parbaille, S. Pierrot, N. Davy, E. Bismuth, P. Reinert, G. Lenoir, J. F. Lesure, J. P. Rousset and A. Edelman
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2018 16:159

    The original article was published in BMC Medicine 2007 5:5

  30. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as a common cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality. Tackling this condition at a societal level will require a clear understanding of the burden of...

    Authors: Arun J. Sanyal
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2018 16:148

    The original article was published in BMC Medicine 2018 16:130

  31. The question of whether depression is a causal factor in somatic diseases remains unanswered despite decades of research. In an extensive umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses, Machado et al. (B...

    Authors: Annelieke M. Roest and Peter de Jonge
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2018 16:147

    The original article was published in BMC Medicine 2018 16:112

  32. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) are selected by the use of antibiotics. The rational design of interventions to reduce levels of antibiotic resistance requires a greater understanding of how and where ARB ...

    Authors: Gwenan M. Knight, Céire Costelloe, Sarah R. Deeny, Luke S. P. Moore, Susan Hopkins, Alan P. Johnson, Julie V. Robotham and Alison H. Holmes
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2018 16:137
  33. Studies have shown that alcohol intake trajectories differ in their associations with biomarkers of cardiovascular functioning, but it remains unclear if they also differ in their relationship to actual corona...

    Authors: Dara O’Neill, Annie Britton, Mary K. Hannah, Marcel Goldberg, Diana Kuh, Kay Tee Khaw and Steven Bell
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2018 16:124
  34. The prognosis of pancreatic cancer (PaC) strongly varies across different stages and age groups, which has unfortunately not been well recorded in the literature. This international population-based study aime...

    Authors: Lei Huang, Lina Jansen, Yesilda Balavarca, Masoud Babaei, Lydia van der Geest, Valery Lemmens, Liesbet Van Eycken, Harlinde De Schutter, Tom B. Johannesen, Maja Primic-Žakelj, Vesna Zadnik, Marc G. Besselink, Petra Schrotz-King and Hermann Brenner
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2018 16:125
  35. Although routine vaccination of females before sexual debut against human papillomavirus (HPV) has been found to be cost-effective around the world, its cost-benefit has rarely been examined. We evaluate both ...

    Authors: Horace C. W. Choi, Mark Jit, Gabriel M. Leung, Kwok-Leung Tsui and Joseph T. Wu
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2018 16:127
  36. Enterobacteriaceae are a common cause of hospital infections. Carbapenems are a clinically effective treatment of such infections. However, resistance is on the rise. In particular, carbapenemase-producing car...

    Authors: Gwenan M. Knight, Eleonora Dyakova, Siddharth Mookerjee, Frances Davies, Eimear T. Brannigan, Jonathan A. Otter and Alison H. Holmes
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2018 16:141
  37. In an era when obesity prevalence is high throughout much of the world, there is a correspondingly pervasive and strong culture of weight stigma. For example, representative studies show that some forms of wei...

    Authors: A. Janet Tomiyama, Deborah Carr, Ellen M. Granberg, Brenda Major, Eric Robinson, Angelina R. Sutin and Alexandra Brewis
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2018 16:123
  38. Whilst observational studies establish that lower plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD) levels are associated with higher risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), establishing causality has proven challenging. Since vit...

    Authors: Yazhou He, Maria Timofeeva, Susan M. Farrington, Peter Vaughan-Shaw, Victoria Svinti, Marion Walker, Lina Zgaga, Xiangrui Meng, Xue Li, Athina Spiliopoulou, Xia Jiang, Elina Hyppönen, Peter Kraft, Douglas P. Kiel, Caroline Hayward, Archie Campbell…
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2018 16:142
  39. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common cause of liver disease worldwide. It affects an estimated 20% of the general population, based on cohort studies of varying size and heterogeneous s...

    Authors: Myriam Alexander, A. Katrina Loomis, Jolyon Fairburn-Beech, Johan van der Lei, Talita Duarte-Salles, Daniel Prieto-Alhambra, David Ansell, Alessandro Pasqua, Francesco Lapi, Peter Rijnbeek, Mees Mosseveld, Paul Avillach, Peter Egger, Stuart Kendrick, Dawn M. Waterworth, Naveed Sattar…
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2018 16:130

    The Commentary to this article has been published in BMC Medicine 2018 16:148

  40. The authors have retracted this article, The impact of repeated vaccination on influenza vaccine effectiveness: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

    Authors: Lauren C. Ramsay, Sarah A. Buchan, Robert G. Stirling, Benjamin J. Cowling, Shou Feng, Jeffrey C. Kwong and Bryna F. Warshawsky
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2018 16:133

    The original article was published in BMC Medicine 2017 15:159

  41. The original article [1] contains an error affecting the actigraphy time-stamps throughout the article, particularly in Table 1.

    Authors: D. Cruse, A. Thibaut, A. Demertzi, J. C. Nantes, M. A. Bruno, O. Gosseries, A. Vanhaudenhuyse, T. A. Bekinschtein, A. M. Owen and S. Laureys
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2018 16:134

    The original article was published in BMC Medicine 2013 11:18

  42. A recent concept is that obesity, assessed by body mass index (BMI), is not always a sign of poor health. Thus, in order to use obesity metrics in clinical decision making, it is important to clarify the relat...

    Authors: Geum Joon Cho, Hye Jin Yoo, Soon Young Hwang, Jun Choi, Kyu-Min Lee, Kyung Mook Choi, Sei Hyun Baik, Sung Won Han and Tak Kim
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2018 16:131
  43. Online dietary assessment tools can reduce administrative costs and facilitate repeated dietary assessment during follow-up in large-scale studies. However, information on bias due to measurement error of such...

    Authors: Petra A. Wark, Laura J. Hardie, Gary S. Frost, Nisreen A. Alwan, Michelle Carter, Paul Elliott, Heather E. Ford, Neil Hancock, Michelle A. Morris, Umme Z. Mulla, Essra A. Noorwali, K. Petropoulou, David Murphy, Gregory D. M. Potter, Elio Riboli, Darren C. Greenwood…
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2018 16:136
  44. In Canada, tuberculosis disproportionately affects foreign-born and First Nations populations. Within First Nations’ peoples, a high proportion of cases occur in association with outbreaks. Tuberculosis transm...

    Authors: Alexander Doroshenko, Caitlin S. Pepperell, Courtney Heffernan, Mary Lou Egedahl, Tatum D. Mortimer, Tracy M. Smith, Hailey E. Bussan, Gregory J. Tyrrell and Richard Long
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2018 16:128