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  1. During the extremely challenging 4,487 km ultramarathon TransEurope-FootRace 2009, runners showed considerable reduction of body weight. The effects of this endurance run on brain volume changes but also possi...

    Authors: Wolfgang Freund, Sonja Faust, Frank Birklein, Christian Gaser, Arthur P Wunderlich, Marguerite Müller, Christian Billich, Markus S Juchems, Bernd L Schmitz, Georg Grön and Uwe H Schütz
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2012 10:170
  2. Cycling is considered to be a highly beneficial sport for significantly enhancing cardiovascular fitness in individuals, yet studies show little or no corresponding improvements in bone mass.

    Authors: Hugo Olmedillas, Alejandro González-Agüero, Luis A Moreno, José A Casajus and Germán Vicente-Rodríguez
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2012 10:168
  3. Musculoskeletal conditions (MSCs) are widely prevalent in present-day society, with resultant high healthcare costs and substantial negative effects on patient health and quality of life. The main aim of this ...

    Authors: Kåre Birger Hagen, Hanne Dagfinrud, Rikke Helene Moe, Nina Østerås, Ingvild Kjeken, Margreth Grotle and Geir Smedslund
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2012 10:167
  4. Endurance exercise capacity diminishes under hot environmental conditions. Time to exhaustion can be increased by lowering body temperature prior to exercise (pre-cooling). This systematic literature review sy...

    Authors: Paul R Jones, Christian Barton, Dylan Morrissey, Nicola Maffulli and Stephanie Hemmings
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2012 10:166
  5. Mathematical and computational models for infectious diseases are increasingly used to support public-health decisions; however, their reliability is currently under debate. Real-time forecasts of epidemic spr...

    Authors: Michele Tizzoni, Paolo Bajardi, Chiara Poletto, José J Ramasco, Duygu Balcan, Bruno Gonçalves, Nicola Perra, Vittoria Colizza and Alessandro Vespignani
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2012 10:165
  6. We developed a Monte Carlo Markov model designed to investigate the effects of modifying cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors on the burden of CVD. Internal, predictive, and external validity of the model...

    Authors: Bob JH van Kempen, Bart S Ferket, Albert Hofman, Ewout W Steyerberg, Ersen B Colkesen, S Matthijs Boekholdt, Nicholas J Wareham, Kay-Tee Khaw and MG Myriam Hunink
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2012 10:158
  7. More than a million diagnostic cardiac catheterizations are performed annually in the US for evaluation of coronary artery anatomy and the presence of atherosclerosis. Nearly half of these patients have no sig...

    Authors: William A LaFramboise, Rajiv Dhir, Lori A Kelly, Patricia Petrosko, John M Krill-Burger, Christin M Sciulli, Maureen A Lyons-Weiler, Uma R Chandran, Aleksey Lomakin, Robert V Masterson, Oscar C Marroquin, Suresh R Mulukutla and Dennis M McNamara
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2012 10:157
  8. According to current classification systems, patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) may have very different combinations of symptoms. This symptomatic diversity hinders the progress of research into the...

    Authors: Hanna M van Loo, Peter de Jonge, Jan-Willem Romeijn, Ronald C Kessler and Robert A Schoevers
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2012 10:156
  9. Cholesterol-lowering medications such as statins have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, which may be beneficial for treating depression and improving mood. However, evidence regarding their effects...

    Authors: Adrienne O'Neil, Livia Sanna, Cassie Redlich, Kristy Sanderson, Felice Jacka, Lana J Williams, Julie A Pasco and Michael Berk
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2012 10:154
  10. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous endocrine disorder accompanied with an increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease; despite being a common condition, th...

    Authors: Yue Zhao, Li Fu, Rong Li, Li-Na Wang, Yan Yang, Na-Na Liu, Chun-Mei Zhang, Ying Wang, Ping Liu, Bin-Bin Tu, Xue Zhang and Jie Qiao
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2012 10:153
  11. There is currently a crisis in drug discovery for neuropsychiatric disorders, with a profound, yet unexpected drought in new drug development across the spectrum. In this commentary, the sources of this dilemm...

    Authors: Michael Berk
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2012 10:151
  12. To confirm whether type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is an affective disorder (AD) precursor, and to establish possible effects of oral anti-hyperglycemic agents (OAAs).

    Authors: Mark L Wahlqvist, Meei-Shyuan Lee, Shao-Yuan Chuang, Chih-Cheng Hsu, Hsin-Ni Tsai, Shu-Han Yu and Hsing-Yi Chang
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2012 10:150
  13. Studies have shown a correlation between bipolar disorder and diabetes mellitus. It is unclear if this correlation is a part of common pathophysiological pathways, or if medication for bipolar disorder has neg...

    Authors: Gjertrud Svendal, Ole Bernt Fasmer, Anders Engeland, Michael Berk and Anders Lund
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2012 10:148
  14. Schizophrenia is associated with excess mortality and multimorbidity, which is possibly associated with difficulty in coordinating care for multiple mental and physical comorbidities. We analyzed the receipt b...

    Authors: Jack Y Tsan, Eileen M Stock, Jazmin M Gonzalez, David S Greenawalt, John E Zeber, Emran Rouf and Laurel A Copeland
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2012 10:147
  15. A meta-analytic review of the Triple P-Positive Parenting program by Wilson et al., recently published in BMC Medicine, claimed to demonstrate that although Triple P is widely disseminated and adopted, the eviden...

    Authors: Matthew R Sanders, John A Pickering, James N Kirby, Karen MT Turner, Alina Morawska, Trevor Mazzucchelli, Alan Ralph and Kate Sofronoff
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2012 10:145
  16. "Evergreening" refers to the numerous strategies whereby owners of pharmaceutical products use patent laws and minor drug modifications to extend their monopoly privileges on the drug. We aimed to evaluate the...

    Authors: Ali A Alkhafaji, Ludovic Trinquart, Gabriel Baron, Moïse Desvarieux and Philippe Ravaud
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2012 10:142
  17. Pediatric soft tissue sarcomas are rare tumors of childhood, frequently characterized by specific chromosome translocations. Despite improvements in treatment, their clinical management is often challenging du...

    Authors: Rossella Rota, Roberta Ciarapica, Lucio Miele and Franco Locatelli
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2012 10:141
  18. The NPC1 gene encodes a protein involved in intracellular lipid trafficking; its second endosomal loop (loop 2) is a receptor for filoviruses. A polymorphism (His215Arg) in NPC1 was associated with obesity in Eur...

    Authors: Nasser M Al-Daghri, Rachele Cagliani, Diego Forni, Majed S Alokail, Uberto Pozzoli, Khalid M Alkharfy, Shaun Sabico, Mario Clerici and Manuela Sironi
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2012 10:140
  19. Cervical cancer is the leading cause of female cancer-related deaths in Tanzania. Vaccination against human papillomavirus (HPV) offers a new opportunity to control this disease. This study aimed to estimate t...

    Authors: Wilm Quentin, Fern Terris-Prestholt, John Changalucha, Selephina Soteli, W John Edmunds, Raymond Hutubessy, David A Ross, Saidi Kapiga, Richard Hayes and Deborah Watson-Jones
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2012 10:137
  20. The purpose, methods, data sources and assumptions behind the World Health Organization (WHO) Cervical Cancer Prevention and Control Costing (C4P) tool that was developed to assist low- and middle-income count...

    Authors: Raymond Hutubessy, Ann Levin, Susan Wang, Winthrop Morgan, Mariam Ally, Theopista John and Nathalie Broutet
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2012 10:136
  21. Bevacizumab (BEV) plus triplet chemotherapy can increase efficacy of first-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (MCRC), particularly integrated with secondary liver surgery in liver-limited (L-L) pat...

    Authors: Gemma Bruera, Katia Cannita, Daniela Di Giacomo, Aude Lamy, Giancarlo Troncone, Antonella Dal Mas, Gino Coletti, Thierry Frébourg, Jean Christophe Sabourin, Mario Tosi, Corrado Ficorella and Enrico Ricevuto
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2012 10:135
  22. Lethal and edema toxins secreted by Bacillus anthracis during anthrax infection were found to incite serious cardiovascular complications. However, the underlying mechanisms in anthrax lethal toxin-induced cardia...

    Authors: Machender R Kandadi, Xuejun Yu, Arthur E Frankel and Jun Ren
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2012 10:134
  23. Stem cell (SC) therapies hold remarkable promise for many diseases, but there is a significant gulf between public expectations and the reality of progress toward clinical application. Public expectations are ...

    Authors: Tania Bubela, Matthew D Li, Mohamed Hafez, Mark Bieber and Harold Atkins
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2012 10:133
  24. Neurocognitive impairment is being increasingly recognized as an important issue in patients with cancer who develop cognitive difficulties either as part of direct or indirect involvement of the nervous syste...

    Authors: Mustafa Khasraw, David Ashley, Greg Wheeler and Michael Berk
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2012 10:131
  25. Interventions to promote positive parenting are often reported to offer good outcomes for children but they can consume substantial resources and they require rigorous appraisal.

    Authors: Philip Wilson, Robert Rush, Susan Hussey, Christine Puckering, Fiona Sim, Clare S Allely, Paul Doku, Alex McConnachie and Christopher Gillberg
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2012 10:130
  26. By altering specific developmental signaling pathways that are necessary for fetal lung development, perinatal nicotine exposure affects lung growth and differentiation, resulting in the offsprings' predisposi...

    Authors: Virender K Rehan, Jie Liu, Erum Naeem, Jia Tian, Reiko Sakurai, Kenny Kwong, Omid Akbari and John S Torday
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2012 10:129
  27. Evidence-based diabetes guidelines generally neglect comorbidity, which may interfere with diabetes management. The prevalence of comorbidity described in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) shows a wide range...

    Authors: Hilde Luijks, Tjard Schermer, Hans Bor, Chris van Weel, Toine Lagro-Janssen, Marion Biermans and Wim de Grauw
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2012 10:128
  28. Since the first description of the case of Auguste Deter, presented in Tübingen in 1906 by Alois Alzheimer, there has been an exponential increase in our knowledge of the neuropathological, cellular, and molec...

    Authors: Maciej J Lazarczyk, Patrick R Hof, Constantin Bouras and Panteleimon Giannakopoulos
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2012 10:127
  29. Clinicians have long appreciated the distinct phenotype of systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (SJIA) compared to polyarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis (POLY). We hypothesized that gene expression pro...

    Authors: Xuefeng B Ling, Claudia Macaubas, Heather C Alexander, Qiaojun Wen, Edward Chen, Sihua Peng, Yue Sun, Chetan Deshpande, Kuang-Hung Pan, Richard Lin, Chih-Jian Lih, Sheng-Yung P Chang, Tzielan Lee, Christy Sandborg, Ann B Begovich, Stanley N Cohen…
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2012 10:125
  30. Multiple studies have demonstrated that rates of smoking and nicotine dependence are increased in individuals with anxiety disorders. However, significant variability exists in the epidemiological literature e...

    Authors: Steven Moylan, Felice N Jacka, Julie A Pasco and Michael Berk
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2012 10:123
  31. Periodontitis, the most prevalent chronic inflammatory disease, has been related to cardiovascular diseases. Autophagy provides a mechanism for the turnover of cellular organelles and proteins through a lysoso...

    Authors: Pedro Bullon, Mario David Cordero, José Luis Quiles, Maria del Carmen Ramirez-Tortosa, Adrian Gonzalez-Alonso, Simona Alfonsi, Rocio García-Marín, Manuel de Miguel and Maurizio Battino
    Citation: BMC Medicine 2012 10:122