Variable description | Sub populations | Biomarkers | Classification error (SD) | AUROC (SD) |
---|---|---|---|---|
All 157 hematuria patients | controls n = 77 UC n = 80 | CRP, EGF, IL-6, IL-1α, MMP9NGAL, osmolarity, CEA | 0.203 (0.017) | 0.766 (0.152) |
Patient clustersa | blue n = 57 (28) | TNFα, EGF, NSE, NGAL, MMP9NGAL, TM, FAS | 0.155 (0.029) | 0.800 (0.258) |
 | green n = 49 (18) | TNFα, EGF, IL-6, IL-1α, MMP9NGAL, TM, CEA | 0.204 (0.037) | 0.825 (0.264) |
 | gold n = 23 (15) | CRP, sTNFR1, vWF, IL-1α, MMP9NGAL, creatinine, BTA | 0.245 (0.049) | 0.700 (0.349) |
Clinical subpopulations | ||||
Smoking | smokers n = 101 (60) | CRP, EGF, MMP9, IL-1α, IL-4, TM, IL-2 | 0.276 (0.027) | 0.770 (0.117) |
 | non- smokers n = 56 (20) | TNFα, sTNFR1, IL-6, IL-1α, MMP9NGAL, creatinine, CEA | 0.156 (0.027) | 0.783 (0.159) |
Gender | males n = 120 (65) | CRP, EGF, CK18, IL-1β, IL-8, creatinine, IL-2 | 0.272 (0.030) | 0.753 (0.117) |
 | females n = 37 (15) | CRP, EGF, IL-6, dDimer, MMP9NGAL, osmolarity, CEA | 0.181 (0.054) | 0.830 (0.146) |
Hx stone disease | yes n = 30 (14) | CRP, sTNFR1, CK18, IL-1α, IL-8, creatinine, VEGF | 0.322 (0.062) | 0.738 (0.194) |
 | no n = 127 (66) | CRP, EGF, IL-6, IL-1α, MMP9NGAL, creatinine, CEA | 0.186 (0.015) | 0.817 (0.117) |
Hx BPE | yes n = 30 (14) | CRP, EGF, IL-6, IL-1α, MMP9NGAL, TM, CEA | 0.192 (0.018) | 0.826 (0.148) |
 | no n = 127 (66) | CRP, EGF, CK18, NGAL, MMP9NGAL, creatinine, BTA | 0.266 (0.061) | 0.788 (0.169) |
Anti-hypertensive medication | on medication n = 73 (51) | TNFα, EGF, IL-6, protein, MMP9NGAL, creatinine, CEA | 0.211 (0.025) | 0.731 (0.161) |
 | no medication n = 83 (28) | TNFα, sTNFR1, IL-6, NGAL, IL-8, TM, CEA | 0.145 (0.028) | 0.810 (0.132) |
Anti-platelet medication | on medication n = 37 (25) | TNFα, EGF, IL-6, protein, IL-8, osmolarity, CEA | 0.215 (0.019) | 0.780 (0.141) |
 | no medication n = 118 (53) | CRP, EGF, MCP-1, protein, MMP9NGAL, TM, FPSA | 0.160 (0.046) | 0.843 (0.153) |
Anti-ulcer medication | on medication n = 33 (17) | CRP, EGF, IL-6, IL-1α, IL-8, TM, CEA | 0.220 (0.018) | 0.827 (0.118) |
 | no medication n = 123 (62) | CRP, EGF, vWF, IL-1β, MMP9NGAL, TM, HA | 0.259 (0.072) | 0.812 (0.168) |