Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency is not associated with cognitive impairment in multiple sclerosis

Table 1 Demographic, clinical and neuropsychological characteristics in multiple sclerosis patients with positive and negative diagnosis of chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI)

	All patients					CCSVI positive		CCSVI negative
						number = 64		number = 45
	Median	Mean	SD	Range	Mean z	Mean	SD	Mean	SD
Age	48	47.3	9.8	25 - 66	---	46.8	9.0	47.6	10.4
Education	16	16.0	2.3	12 - 20	---	15.8	2.3	16.1	2.3
Male/female	38/72				---	27/38		11/34
Disease duration in years	9	10.5	8.2	01 - 41	---	10.6	8.5	10.5	8.1
Disease course: RR/SP/PP	79/23/07				---	48/13/03		31/10/04
EDSS	2.5	3.3	1.9	0 - 7.5	---	3.2	1.9	3.5	2.0
Beck Depression Inventory Fast Screen	1	2.4	2.6	0 - 16	---	2.5	2.8	2.4	2.4
Symbol Digit Modalities Test	53	53.5	11.7	9 - 74	−0.62	54.9	12.0	51.5	11.3
Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test	48	44.3	13.8	0 - 60	−0.41	45.5	12.6	42.7	15.6
CVLT2Total Learning	55	54.0	11.1	23 - 87	0.37	55.3	12.4	52.1	8.6
CVLT2Delayed Recall	12	11.5	3.2	2 - 16	0.17	11.7	3.5	11.1	2.7
BVMTR Total Learning	23	22.1	6.7	4 - 34	−0.32	22.9	6.8	20.9	6.6
BVMTR Delayed Recall	9	8.6	2.4	1 - 12	−0.63	9.0	2.3	7.9	2.5
Controlled Oral Word Association Test	37	39.1	10.9	14 - 64	0.26	39.6	11.1	38.0	10.7
Judgment of Line Orientation Test	26	24.9	3.9	12 - 30	−0.59	25.6	3.4	24.0	4.6
DKEFS Sorting Correct Sorts	11	10.7	2.2	3 - 15	−0.07	10.7	2.3	10.7	2.0
DKEFS Sorting Description Score	40	40.3	8.7	10 - 58	-0.04	40.4	9.2	40.1	7.9

BVMTR, Brief Visuospatial Memory Test, Revised, CVLT2, California Verbal Learning Test, 2nd edition, DKEFS, Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System, EDSS, Expanded disability status scale, PP, Primary progressive, RR, Relapsing-remitting, SP, Secondary progressive, SD standard deviation.

ISSN: 1741-7015