Study | Clearly stated aim | Inclusion of consecutive patients | Prospective collection of data | Endpoints appropriate to aim of study + ITT | Unbiased assessment of study endpoint(s) | Follow-up period appropriate to aim of study | Loss to follow-up <5% | Prospective calculation of study size | Adequate control group | Con-temporary groups | Baseline equivalence of groups | Adequate statistical analyses | Randomizationa | Total score |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
[19] | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 22 |
[20] | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 19 |
[21] | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 21 |
[22] | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 20 |
[23] | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 23 |
[25] | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 22 |
[26] | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 19 |
2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 21 | |
2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 25 | |
[30] | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 19 |
[31] | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 23 |
[32] | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 24 |