The effectiveness of Stepping Stones Triple P parenting support in parents of children with borderline to mild intellectual disability and psychosocial problems: a randomized controlled trial

Kleefman, Marijke; Jansen, Daniëlle EMC; Stewart, Roy E; Reijneveld, Sijmen A

doi:10.1186/s12916-014-0191-5

Table 2 Raw means at T0, T1 and T2 and regression coefficients based on intention to treat analyses with mixed models (n = 209)

From: The effectiveness of Stepping Stones Triple P parenting support in parents of children with borderline to mild intellectual disability and psychosocial problems: a randomized controlled trial

Outcome	Group	T0 (Baseline)	T1 (three months or immediately after intervention)	Difference in improvement T0 to T1 between SSTP and CAU		T2 (six months after intervention)	Difference in improvement T0 to T2 between SSTP and CAU
		Mean (SD)^a	Mean (SD)^a	B (95% CI)^b	P-value^b	Mean (SD)^a	B (95% CI)^b	P-value^b
SDQ_p^c	SSTP	19.23 (4.38)	17.28 (5.64)	-0.05 (-1.23; 1.12)	0.927	17.31 (5.62)	0.06 (-1.12; 1.24)	0.916
	SSTP-c	18.98 (4.36)	16.98 (5.88)	-0.29 (-1.70; 1.12)	0.689	16.60 (5.57)	-0.27 (-1.68; 1.14)	0.706
	SSTP-nc	19.51 (4.43)	17.64 (5.40)	0.19 (-1.25; 1.63)	0.794	18.18 (5.62)	0.44 (-1.02; 1.89)	0.557
	CAU	19.85 (4.00)	17.93 (5.34)			18.01 (5.12)
SDQ_t^c	SSTP	14.52 (6.70)	13.96 (6.50)	-2.25 (-3.79; -0.71)	0.004	13.09 (5.12)	-1.10 (-2.65; 0.46)	0.165
	SSTP-c	14.96 (7.05)	14.46 (6.98)	-2.16 (-4.04; -0.28)	0.025	13.61 (4.67)	-1.39 (-3.28; 0.50)	0.149
	SSTP-nc	14.05 (6.34)	13.43 (6.01)	-2.34 (-4.22; -0.47)	0.014	12.46 (5.63)	-0.80 (-2.71; 1.11)	0.410
	CAU	13.59 (6.66)	14.60 (6.46)			13.33 (7.19)
ECBI^c	SSTP	126.36 (27.60)	113.85 (28.03)	-4.71 (-10.05; 0.63)	0.084	114.37 (27.94)	-3.83 (-9.20; 1.55)	0.163
	SSTP-c	131.90 (27.49)	116.62 (27.76)	-8.83 (-15.22; -2.44)	0.007	116.84 (26.84)	-6.15 (-12.55; 0.24)	0.059
	SSTP-nc	120.02 (26.59)	110.54 (30.48)	-0.37 (-6.86; 6.13)	0.912	111.36 (29.25)	-1.38 (-7.98; 5.21)	0.680
	CAU	127.63 (27.35)	120.51 (24.55)			118.07 (2.77)
PSI-s^d	SSTP	74.68 (25.71)	66.67 (24.65)	-7.06 (-12.11; -2.01)	0.006	66.57 (26.37)	-3.19 (-8.28; 1.89)	0.217
	SSTP-c	79.34 (25.01)	68.35 (22.35)	-10.42 (-16.46; -4.37)	0.001	69.47 (26.65)	-4.62 (-10.67; 1.43)	0.134
	SSTP-nc	69.25 (25.70)	64.62 (27.31)	-3.45 (-9.63; 2.74)	0.274	63.02 (25.88)	-1.69 (-7.96; 4.58)	0.596
	CAU	73.14 (24.02)	72.46 (22.93)			68.14 (23.31)
APQ^d	SSTP	99.54 (7.95)	99.10 (9.17)	-1.27 (-3.52; 0.98)	0.267	101.21 (10.87)	1.23 (-1.03; 3.49)	0.286
	SSTP-c	99.89 (7.05)	98.65 (7.52)	-1.68 (-4.37; 1.02)	0.223	101.59 (11.55)	1.30 (-1.40; 4.00)	0.346
	SSTP-nc	99.14 (8.12)	99.63 (10.87)	-0.84 (-3.59; 1.90)	0.546	100.78 (10.17)	1.13 (-1.65; 3.91)	0.423
	CAU	98.58 (8.33)	99.20 (9.21)			98.26 (9.75)

^aRaw mean scores on the different outcome measurements; ^bB for SSTP compared to CAU, based on mixed model techniques, expressing differences in change between SSTP and CAU in outcomes - analyses were adjusted for gender and age; ^cprimary outcome; ^dsecondary outcome. APQ, Alabama Parenting Questionnaire; B, Regression Coefficients; CAU, Care as Usual; CI, confidence interval; ECBI, Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory, PSI-s, Parenting Stress Index short version; SD, standard deviation; SDQ_p, Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire parent version; SDQ_t, Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire teacher version; SSTP, Stepping Stones Triple P; SSTP-c, Stepping Stones Triple P completed; SSTP-nc, Stepping Stones Triple P not completed.

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ISSN: 1741-7015

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