From: Malaria eradication and elimination: views on how to translate a vision into reality
Knowledge of human immunity |
Identification of correlates of immunity for pre-erythrocytic, blood-stage, and transmission-blocking vaccine candidatesb |
Mechanisms of immunity: protection against infection and disease, and transmission-blocking |
How long-lasting immune responses and immunological memory are generated through natural exposure |
Influence of existing naturally-acquired immunity on responses to vaccines and vaccine efficacyc |
Quantify the significance of antigenic diversity and the potential for vaccine escape |
Vaccine antigens and combinations |
Developing CSP-based vaccines, or other pre-erythrocytic vaccine candidates, for greater efficacy against infectiond |
Identification and prioritisation of blood-stage and transmission-blocking vaccine candidates for inclusion in combination vaccines |
Antigen combinations that induce high levels of immunity against infection and disease, and strong transmission-blocking activitya |
Combined P. falciparum and P. vivax vaccines |
Vaccine approaches and technologies |
Vaccine strategies or approaches to induce long-lasting immunitye |
Adjuvants and delivery systems for induction of potent immune responses |
Antigen expression platforms optimised for production of multi-antigen vaccinesf |
Vaccine technologies to simplify the implementation of mass vaccination (e.g. needle-free systems, reduced cold-chain requirements) |
Integration of malaria antigens into existing childhood vaccinesg |
Other |
Tools to monitor vaccine coverage and predict protection |
Understand the potential efficacy/impact of vaccines in different transmission settings |