Fig. 1

a Numbers of poverty cases due to out-of-pocket (OOP) direct medical costs and deaths incurred by each of 20 leading causes of mortality in Ethiopia. Lri = lower respiratory infections, Dia = diarrhea, St = stroke, TB = tuberculosis, Ihd = ischemic heart disease, Pr = preterm birth complications, Mal = malaria, Rti = road traffic injuries, Neo = neonatal encephalopathy, Men = meningitis, Wc = whooping cough, Msl = measles, Cir = cirrhosis, DM = diabetes mellitus, Copd = chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, Cc = cervical cancer, Bc = breast cancer, Ep = epilepsy, Ast = asthma. b Numbers of poverty cases due to OOP direct medical costs and deaths incurred by each of 20 leading causes of mortality in Ethiopia, when the two leading causes of mortality, lower respiratory infections and diarrhea, were omitted. Non-communicable diseases and injuries are indicated in blue; communicable diseases, maternal, and neonatal causes are indicated in red