Medicinal product | Primary mechanism of action | Therapeutic indication | Launch date | Year of first ADR report | Year first withdrawn | Countries withdrawn | Primary reason for withdrawal | Level of evidencea |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Amfepramone (diethylpropion)b | SNDRA | Obesity | 1957 | 1974 | 1975 | Turkey, Sweden, Oman, UAE, Norway, Venezuela, EU, France, UK, Brazil | Cardiotoxicity | 4 |
Amphetamine | SNDRA | Obesity, narcolepsy | 1939 | 1957 | 1973 | USA, UAE, Turkey, Oman, Malaysia, Nigeria | Drug abuse and dependence | 4 |
Aminorex fumaratec | SRI | Obesity | 1962 | 1967 | 1967 | Germany, Venezuela, Switzerland, Austria | Cardiotoxicity | 4 |
Benfluorexc | SRI | Obesity, diabetes | 1976 | 2003 | 2009 | Europe | Cardiotoxicity | 3 |
Chlorphentermine | SRI | Obesity | 1962 | Â | 1969 | Germany, Venezuela | Cardiotoxicity | 5 |
Clobenzorex | SNDRA | Obesity | 1966 | 1986 | 2000 | Mauritius, USA, Oman | Drug abuse, psychiatric | 4 |
Cloforex | SRI | Obesity | 1965 | 1967 | 1967 | Germany, Sweden, Venezuela | Cardiotoxicity | 4 |
Cyclovalone + retinol + tiratricol | Bile acid secretion | Hyperlipidemia, dyspepsia, obesity | 1964 | 1984 | 1988 | France | Liver toxicity | 4 |
Dexfenfluramine | SRI | Obesity | 1995 | 1995 | 1997 | Worldwide | Cardiotoxicity | 4 |
Fenbutrazate | NDRA | Obesity | 1957 | 1963 | 1969 | Europe | Drug abuse, psychiatric | 2 |
Fenfluraminec | SRI | Obesity | 1973 | 1981 | 1997 | Worldwide | Cardiotoxicity | 3 |
Fenproporex (perphoxene) | NRA | Obesity, narcolepsy, ADHD | 1966 | 1997 | 1999 | Europe, Brazil | Drug abuse, psychiatric | 4 |
Iodinated casein strophanthin | Thyroxine analogue | Obesity | 1944 | 1964 | 1964 | USA | Endocrine, metabolism | 4 |
Levamphetamine | SNDRA | Obesity | 1944 | 1954 | 1973 | USA, Oman, UAE | Drug abuse and dependence | 4 |
Mazindol | NRDA | Obesity | 1970 | 1980 | 1987 | Oman, Brazil | Drug abuse, psychiatric (interaction with lithium) | 4 |
Mefenorex (methylphenethylamine) | SNDRA | Obesity | 1966 | 1995 | 1999 | Europe, Oman | Drug abuse, psychiatric | 4 |
Methamphetamine (desoxyephedrine)c | SNDRA | ADHD, obesity | 1944 | 1971 | 1973 | USA, Turkey, Oman, Nigeria | Drug abuse, drug dependence | 4 |
Phendimetrazine | NDRA | Â | 1961 | 1979 | 1982 | Turkey | Drug abuse | 4 |
Phenmetrazine | NDRA | Obesity | 1956 | 1959 | 1982 | Turkey, Oman, Nigeria | Drug abuse | 4 |
Phentermineb,c | NDRA | Obesity | 1959 | 1964 | 1981 | Sweden, UAE, Mauritius, Turkey, Oman, UK, Venezuela | Drug abuse | 4 |
Phenylpropanolamine (norpseudoephedrine) | NDRA | Nasal decongestion, obesity | 1947 | 1985 | 1987 | Germany, Brazil, Malaysia, Singapore, USA, Oman, Canada, Cuba, India | Hemorrhagic stroke | 4 |
Pipradrol | NDRI | Obesity, narcolepsy, ADHD | 1953 | 1968 | 1982 | USA, Turkey, Denmark, Venezuela | Drug abuse | 4 |
Pyrovalerone | NDRA | Obesity, chronic fatigue syndrome | 1974 | 1975 | 1979 | France | Drug abuse | 4 |
Rimonabantc | CB1 antagonist/inverse agonist | Obesity | 2006 | 2006 | 2007 | Europe, India | Psychiatric | 1 |
Sibutraminec | SNRI | Obesity | 2001 | 2002 | 2002 | EU; 4 Asian countries; Australia; Canada; Mexico; New Zealand; USA | Cardiotoxicity, psychiatric | 4 |