Fig. 3

Associations of cortical thickness in anatomical regions of the prefrontal cortex with HIV exposure. Left panel: Figure displaying Cohen’s d effect sizes and 95% confidence intervals for cortical thickness differences between HEU and HU children across the prefrontal cortex regions. Effect sizes are shown after correction for child age and sex, household income, maternal age, and education. Positive values indicate higher cortical thickness in HEU children. Right panel: Regions with significantly increased cortical thickness in HEU children are highlighted in red on left and right medial views. Abbreviation: HEU, children who are HIV-exposed and uninfected