Fig. 1

Patient flowchart. Asterisk indicates two patients did not receive another cycle of treatment due to COVID-19. Number sign indicates one participant was excluded from the ES due to the diagnosis of diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma found in the second biopsy. This patient initially presented with a large mediastinal mass and was refractory to first-line therapy. After 5 cycles of study treatment, the patient had stable disease according to PET-CT. However, a second mediastinal mass needle biopsy was performed and revealed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (primary mediastinal). Upon review of the patient’s baseline biopsy, the pathological findings indicated the possibility of gray-zone lymphoma. The patient subsequently received 4 cycles of R-DA-EPOCH (rituximab, etoposide, prednisone, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, and doxorubicin) and radiotherapy. However, the disease was poorly controlled, and the patient developed adrenal invasion. CR complete response, PR partial response, SD stable disease, ASCT autologous stem cell transplantation, AE adverse event, FAS full analysis set, SS safety set, ES evaluable set