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Table 3 Mixed effects logistic regression for patient outcomes and potentially hazardous prescribing indicators over time, odds ratios

From: Comparing the clinical practice and prescribing safety of locum and permanent doctors: observational study of primary care consultations in England

Effects of locum consultations on patient outcomes

 Practice revisits

0.88 (0.88 to 0.89), < 0.001 [0.003]

 Antibiotic prescriptions

1.21 (1.21 to 1.22), < 0.001 [0.004]

 Strong opioid prescriptions

1.08 (1.06 to 1.09), < 0.001 [0.007]

 Hypnotic prescriptions

0.97 (0.95 to 0.99), < 0.002 [0.010]

 Emergency admissions, same day

0.94 (0.89 to 1.02), < 0.127 [0.033]

 Emergency admissions within 1 to 7 days

1.00 (0.96 to 1.06), < 0.854 [0.026]

 A&E visits, same day

1.02 (0.98 to 1.07), < 0.331 [0.028]

 A&E visits, within 1 to 7 days

1.05 (1.02 to 1.08), < 0.001 [0.015]

 ACSC admissions, same day

1.00 (0.92 to 1.05), < 0.677 [0.033]

 ACSC admissions, within 1 to 7 days

0.99 (0.94 to 1.04), < 0.890 [0.025]

 Referrals

0.85 (0.84 to 0.86), < 0.001 [0.004]

 Tests

0.80 (0.80 to 0.81), < 0.001 [0.005]

Effects of locum consultations on potentially hazardous prescribing indicators

 Indicator A

1.12 (1.08 to 1.16), < 0.001 [0.020]

 Indicator B

1.44 (0.94 to 2.22), < 0.547 [0.331]

 Indicator C

1.35 (0.72 to 2.54), < 0.349 [0.434]

 Indicator D

0.77 (0.64 to 0.93), < 0.007 [0.074]

 Indicator E

1.07 (0.79 to 1.44), < 0.675 [0.163]

 Indicator F

0.99 (0.92 to 1.08), < 0.852 [0.042]

 Indicator G

0.99 (0.91 to 1.09), < 0.894 [0.047]

 Indicator H

0.89 (0.85 to 0.93), < 0.001 [0.021]

 Indicator I

0.96 (0.81 to 1.13), < 0.613 [0.081]

 Indicator J

0.49 (0.19 to 1.23), < 0.128 [0.230]

  1. 95% confidence intervals are in brackets; results are reported as incidence rate ratios (IRR) followed by P-values and standard errors in parentheses. Coefficients can be interpreted as proportionate changes, for example, patients who were seen by a locum GP were 12% less likely to revisit the practice within 7 days compared to patients who were seen by a permanent GP. Operational definitions of all indicators are provided in the Additional file 2: Table S3. Our regression analyses controlled for patient gender, age, comorbidity score, years registered with the practice, practice list size, the Index of Multiple Deprivation, region and year dummies