Fig. 3

Triangulation of results across observational and genetic outcome-wide analyses by theme. Statistical significance and relative effect sizes from the observational OWA (circles) and genetic OWA (diamonds), grouped by theme. For each OWA, statistical significance is assessed after false discovery rate correction at α = 0.05. For the observational OWA, results are further categorized as robust according to the E-value metric; see the “Methods” section for details. For each OWA, the size of each shape reflects relative strength of the association across beta and OR/RR estimates. Themes are sorted (top to bottom) by the proportion of results within each theme that were considered significant in both OWAs. Within each theme, results are sorted (left to right) by the relative effect size from the observational OWA. Number of total results per theme is listed in parentheses on the y-axis. Proportion of results that are significant (and robust, for the observational OWA) per theme and OWA are listed in grey text