Table 5 AQ and RRT results for lifetime prevalence rates of prescription or illicit drug use for cognitive enhancement (CE) or mood enhancement (ME)
From: Use of illicit and prescription drugs for cognitive or mood enhancement among surgeons
| Study technique | Age of first use of enhancement | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Substance use for CE/ ME: | AQ | RRT | (mean ± SD) |
| (n= 957) | (n= 1,102) | (according to AQ) | |
| Any prescription or illicit drug | 8.9% (n = 85) | 19.9% | 24.0 ± 6.2 |
| Methylphenidate (MPH) | 2.5% (n = 24) | 22.0 ± 2.8 | |
| Amphetamine pills | 2.6% (n = 25) | 22.6 ± 3.6 | |
| Illicit amphetamines | 0.9% (n = 9) | 23.0 ± 2.0 | |
| Modafinil | 2.2% (n = 21) | 35.8 ± 7.2 | |
| Ecstasy | 0.6% (n = 6) | 20.2 ± 3.0 | |
| Cocaine | 1.6% (n = 15) | 22.7 ± 3.0 | |
| Ephedrin | 1.2% (n = 11) | 19.3 ± 6.0 | |
| Antidementive drugs | 0.3% (n = 3) | 25.0 ± 2.8 | |
| Atomoxetin | 0.6% (n = 6) | 26.0 ± 0.0 | |
| Any antidepressant | 2.4 (n = 23) | 15.1% | 38.7 ± 10.7 |