Why do hypertensive patients of African ancestry respond better to calciumblockers and diuretics than to ACE inhibitors and β-adrenergic blockers? Asystematic review

Table 2 Factors that may affect the differential drug response of patients ofAfrican ancestry

Category	Factors
Environmental	Diet (sodium) [2]
Bioavailability	Absorption, First pass metabolism (intestinal and phase 1 drugmetabolism, polymorphisms cytochrome P450 enzymes, phase 2 drugmetabolism) [6, 9]
Distribution	Protein binding, distribution volume
Receptor	Receptor sensitivity and genetic variation [6, 9]
Hemodynamics	Low renin, sodium-volume dependent hypertension [2]
Intracellular effects	Nitric oxide, cGMP, cAMP, calcium fluxes, ion transport, rhokinase, creatine kinase, myosin light chain kinase, myosinATPase [10–12]
Elimination	Kidney, liver or other route

ISSN: 1741-7015