From: Frequency of nut consumption and mortality risk in the PREDIMED nutrition intervention trial
Cardiovascular mortality | Never | 1 to 3 servings/week | >3 servings/week | Pfor trend |
---|---|---|---|---|
Frequency of total nut consumption: | n = 2,118 | n = 2,803 | n = 2,295 | |
Cardiovascular death, % (n) | 1.7 (36) | 0.8 (23) | 1.0 (22) | |
Person-years, n | 8,724 | 12,168 | 10,185 | |
Crude model | 1 (Reference) | 0.44 (0.26 to 0.74) | 0.50 (0.29 to 0.85) | 0.101 |
Multivariable model 1 | 1 (Reference) | 0.44 (0.26 to 0.76) | 0.47 (0.27 to 0.82) | 0.075 |
Multivariable model 2 | 1 (Reference) | 0.41 (0.24 to 0.71) | 0.41 (0.23 to 0.73) | 0.042 |
Multivariable model 3 | 1 (Reference) | 0.42 (0.24 to 0.74) | 0.45 (0.25 to 0.81) | 0.091 |
Frequency of walnut consumption: | n = 2,916 | n = 2,547 | n = 1,753 | |
Cardiovascular death, % (n) | 1.6 (46) | 0.7 (18) | 1.0 (17) | |
Person-years, n | 12,124 | 11,122 | 7,825 | |
Crude model | 1 (Reference) | 0.41 (0.24 to 0.71) | 0.55 (0.31 to 0.96) | 0.037 |
Multivariable model 1 | 1 (Reference) | 0.42 (0.24 to 0.74) | 0.54 (0.30 to 0.95) | 0.040 |
Multivariable model 2 | 1 (Reference) | 0.39 (0.22 to 0.69) | 0.49 (0.27 to 0.88) | 0.022 |
Multivariable model 3 | 1 (Reference) | 0.41 (0.23 to 0.73) | 0.53 (0.29 to 0.98) | 0.047 |
Frequency of consumption of other nuts (excluding walnuts): | n = 3,308 | n = 2,643 | n = 1,265 | |
Cardiovascular death, % (n) | 1.3 (43) | 1.1 (28) | 0.8 (10) | |
Person-years, n | 13,936 | 11,573 | 5,566 | |
Crude model | 1 (Reference) | 0.76 (0.47 to 1.22) | 0.57 (0.28 to 1.13) | 0.129 |
Multivariable model 1 | 1 (Reference) | 0.73 (0.45 to 1.20) | 0.48 (0.23 to 0.97) | 0.056 |
Multivariable model 2 | 1 (Reference) | 0.70 (0.43 to 1.15) | 0.40 (0.19 to 0.83) | 0.021 |
Multivariable model 3 | 1 (Reference) | 0.74 (0.45 to 1.23) | 0.42 (0.20 to 0.89) | 0.031 |