Figure 1From: Associations between smoking, components of metabolic syndrome and lipoprotein particle size Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in non-smokers, former smokers and current smokers. Note that in all body mass index (BMI) classes prevalence of metabolic syndrome was higher in former smokers than in non-smokers, and that a dose–response relationship was found between prevalence of metabolic syndrome and amount of smoking, especially in women.Back to article page