Comparing sociocultural features of cholera in three endemic African settings

Table 1 Identification, seriousness, fatality and past episodes of cholera in endemic areas of three African settings

Category	SE-DRC, n = 360			Western Kenya, n = 379			Zanzibar, n = 356
Overall	%			%			%
Identification of illness^a***	96.4			75.2			88.2
Seriousness^b***	81.1			91.3			96.6
Expected fatal outcome without treatment^c***	99.7			49.9			77.5
Past household episodes***	44.4			22.4			15.5
Past personal episodes*	8.3			11.6			5.3
Site comparison	Urban, %	Rural, %	P value	Urban, %	Rural, %	P value	Urban, %	Rural, %
Site comparison	Urban, %	Rural, %	P value	Urban, %	Rural, %	P value	Urban, %	Rural, %	P value
Identification of illness^a	93.9	98.9	0.020	72.6	77.8	0.285	95.5	80.8	<0.001
Seriousness^b	85.6	76.7	0.030	91.6	91.0	0.832	95.0	98.3	0.084
Expected fatal outcome without treatment^c	99.4	100.0	0.317	60.0	39.7	<0.001	84.4	70.6	0.002
Past household episodes	52.2	36.7	0.004	27.4	17.5	0.044	6.7	24.3	<0.001
Past personal episodes	7.7	8.9	0.703	13.2	10.1	0.423	2.8	7.9	0.035
Gender comparison	Female, %	Male, %	P value	Female, %	Male, %	P value	Female, %	Male, %
Gender comparison	Female, %	Male, %	P value	Female, %	Male, %	P value	Female, %	Male, %	P value
Identification of illness^a	97.8	95.0	0.170	78.8	71.5	0.122	88.3	88.1	>0.999
Seriousness^b	79.0	83.2	0.295	91.2	91.4	0.907	96.1	97.2	0.577
Expected fatal outcome without treatment^c	99.5	100.0	0.320	52.9	46.8	0.151	74.9	80.2	0.257
Past household episodes	43.1	45.8	0.563	15.5	29.6	0.003	12.9	18.1	0.172
Past personal episodes	7.8	8.9	0.680	8.3	15.1	0.053	3.4	7.3	0.104

‘Overall’: comparison between settings based on the χ² test (identification of illness and personal episodes) and Kruskal-Wallis test (seriousness, fatality and household episodes), *P <0.05, ***P <0.001. ‘Site comparison’ and ‘Gender comparison’: figures in bold designate significant differences at P <0.05 based on the Fisher’s exact test (identification of illness and personal episodes) and Wilcoxon test (seriousness, fatality and household episodes). Data for Southeastern Democratic Republic of Congo (SE-DRC) in ‘Overall’ section from Merten et al. [31]. Data for western Kenya in ‘Site comparison’ section from Nyambedha et al. [28].
Data for Zanzibar in ‘Overall’ and ‘Site comparison’ sections from Schaetti et al. [27].
^aIdentified as cholera in local language based on vignette.
^bCoded as ‘very serious’.
^cCoded as ‘usually fatal without treatment’.

ISSN: 1741-7015