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Table 4 Differences in satisfaction of family members in cases when PACE was and was not completed a

From: Development and evaluation of the feasibility and effects on staff, patients, and families of a new tool, the Psychosocial Assessment and Communication Evaluation (PACE), to improve communication and palliative care in intensive care and during clinical uncertainty

Aspect

Components

PACE

Mann–Whitney U-test

PACE.

n

No PACE, n

P-value two-tailed

  

Completed, median (range)

Not completed, median (range)

    

Symptoms

Assessment and treatment of:

      

 Pain

1 (1 to 4)

1 (1 to 5)

1247.0

81

40

0.014b

 Breathlessness

1 (1 to 3)

1 (1 to 5)

829.5

72

31

0.014b

 Nausea/vomiting

1 (1 to 3)

1.5 (1 to 4)

616.0

58

28

0.032b

 Agitation

1 (1 to 3)

2 (1 to 4)

761.0

69

29

0.031b

 Confusion

1 (1 to 4)

2 (1 to 5)

655.5

63

29

0.010b

 Communication difficulties 

1 (1 to 4)

2 (1 to 4)

698.5

64

28

0.054

Communication

Consistency of information provided to relatives about patient’s condition

2 (1 to 5)

2 (1 to 5)

1138.0

80

37

0.033b

How well ICU staff informed relatives about what was happening to patients

1 (1 to 5)

2 (1 to 5)

1292.0

82

37

0.148

Communication about patient’s condition from nurses

1 (1 to 5)

2 (1 to 4)

1352.5

81

39

0.157

Communication about patient’s condition from doctors

2 (1 to 5)

2 (1 to 5)

1290.0

76

35

0.788

Willingness of ICU staff to answer questions

1 (1 to 5)

2 (1 to 4)

1348.0

80

39

0.177

ICU staff provided explanations that you understood

1 (1 to 5)

2 (1 to 5)

1315.5

81

39

0.107

Prognostic uncertainty and decision-making

Honesty of information provided to relatives about patient’s condition

1 (1 to 5)

2 (1 to 4)

1234.5

80

39

0.041b

Feeling included in the decision-making process

2 (1 to 5)

2 (1 to 5)

1431.5

82

37

0.610

Feeling supported in the decision-making process

2 (1 to 5)

2 (1 to 4)

1188.50

79

36

0.137

Meeting individual wishes

ICU staff interest in relative’s needs

1 (1 to 5)

1 (1 to 5)

1414.5

84

38

0.252

Information about patients given to the right people (that is, those close to them)

1 (1 to 5)

2 (1 to 4)

1250.0

78

35

0.439

Enough time to ask questions

1 (1 to 4)

2 (1 to 4)

1443.0

84

38

0.349

ICU staff provided emotional support for relative

1 (1 to 4)

2 (1 to 5)

1090.0

75

35

0.119

Quality of care relative and patient received in ICU

1 (1 to 4)

1 (1 to 5)

1471.0

83

40

0.232

Supporting dignity, respect, and peace

Courtesy, respect, and compassion for patient

1 (1 to 5)

1 (1 to 5)

1594.0

84

40

0.556

Courtesy, respect, and compassion for relative

1 (1 to 4)

1 (1 to 5)

1483.0

87

39

0.179

Care for patient from nurses

1 (1 to 5)

1 (1 to 4)

1415.0

84

39

0.110

Care for patient from doctors

1 (1 to 4)

1 (1 to 5)

1447.0

83

39

0.264

Atmosphere in the ICU

2 (1 to 4)

2 (1 to 4)

1583.0

82

40

0.739

 

Atmosphere in the ICU waiting room

2 (1 to 5)

3 (1 to 5)

1086.0

72

31

0.824

  1. Abbreviations: ICU intensive care unit, PACE Psychosocial Assessment and Communication Evaluation.
  2. aLower scores indicate higher satisfaction.
  3. bSignificant at p<0.05.