Table 5 Summary of excluded studies during full-text review
From: Diagnostic indicators of non-cardiovascular chest pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Author | Year | Design | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|
Aanen | 2008 | cohort, prospective | No diagnostic study. No NCCP. GERD, reproducibility of reflux symptoms only |
Abbass | 2009 | randomised clinical trial | No diagnostic study. No NCCP. General pain patients |
Achem | 1993 | retrospective, review | Prevalence of nutcracker esophagus in NCCP. For treatment outcome open label trial with small sample |
Achem | 1997 | randomised, controlled trial | No diagnostic study. GERD patients only received PPI |
Achem | 2000 | review article | Review article about atypical chest pain |
Adams | 2001 | retrospective review | no NCCP. Spiral CT in pulmonary embolism |
Adamek | 1995 | cross-sectional study | No reference test. Description of coexistence of motility disorders and pathologic acid reflux |
Aikens | 2001 | cross-sectional study | No diagnostic study, presence of fear in NCCP patients. Correlation of fear with symptoms |
Aizawa | 1993 | cross-sectional study | no NCCP, acetylcholine provocation test for coronary arterial spasm |
Ajanovic | 1999 | cross-sectional study | no NCCP. Pulmonary embolism |
Aksglaede | 2003 | experimental | Experimental. Small sample (n = 5) chest pain. |
Alexander | 1994 | cross-sectional study | Prevalence and nature of mental disorders in NCCP and IHD |
Amarasiri | 2010 | cross-sectional study | GERD patients not NCCP |
Anzai | 2000 | cross-sectional study | No reference test, coronary flow reserve with dopler in patients with no significant coronary stenosis |
Armstrong | 1992 | review article | Review article about atypical chest pain |
Arnold | 2009 | randomised clinical trial | No diagnostic study. Treatment outcome |
Aufderheide | 1996 | validation | Validation of ACI-TIPI probabilities for MI |
Bak | 1994 | cohort, prospective | No diagnostic study. Comparison of prevalence of findings |
Balaban | 1999 | experimental | No diagnostic study. Small sample (n = 10) |
Baniukiewicz | 1997 | cross-sectional study | No diagnostic study. Description of findings in upper GI studies |
Barham | 1997 | observational | No NCCP. Description of presence of esophageal spasm in patients undergoing upper GI studies |
Barki | 1996 | cohort, prospective | No diagnostic study. Description of clinical presentation in painful rip syndrome |
Basseri | 2011 | experimental | Experimental. No NCCP. Different techniques swallow studies |
Bassotti | 1998 | cohort, retrospective | No NCCP. Nutcracker esophagus and the symptoms and findings investigated. |
Bassotti | 1992 | cohort, prospective | No diagnostic study. Prevalence |
Beck | 1992 | cross-sectional study | No diagnostic study. Charasteristics of NCCP patients compared to general pain patients |
Belleville | 2010 | cross-sectional study | No diagnostic study. Characteristics of patients with panic disorders in the ER |
Berkovich | 2000 | cohort, retrospective | No NCCP |
Bernstein | 2002 | validation | GOLDmineR: improvement of a risk model |
Berthelot | 2005 | cohort, retrospective | No diagnostic study. Pain referral study after injection |
Bjorksten | 1999 | cross-sectional study | No patients, workers with muscoloskeletal complaints |
Blatchford | 1999 | cross-sectional study | No NCCP. Emergency medical admission rates |
Borjesson | 1998 | cross-sectional study | Small sample (n = 18), prevalence of esophageal findings |
Borjesson | 1998 | non-randomised controlled trial | No diagnostic study. Small sample size (n = 20 per group). Intervention = TENS |
Bortolotti | 2001 | experimental | No diagnostic study, small sample (n = 9) |
Bortolotti | 1997 | randomised clinical trial | No diagnostic study. L-Arginine in patients with NCCP. Small sample (n = 8) |
Bovero | 1993 | cohort, prospective | Duplicate of same study Bovero 1993 included in the analysis under different titel |
Bovero | 1993 | cohort, prospective | Duplicate of same study Bovero 1993 included in the analysis under different titel |
Brims | 2010 | review article | Review article about atypical chest pain |
Broekaert | 2006 | experimental | Experimental trial in volunteers (no patients, n = 10) |
Brunse | 2010 | cohort, prospective | No diagnostic study. Prevalence |
Brusori | 2001 | cross-sectional study | Mixed sample, diagnosis of esophageal dysmotility in fluoroscopy vs. Manometry |
Budzynski | 2010 | cross-sectional study | Mixed patients sample with significant and non significant coronary leasons not responding to PPI treatment |
Bruyninckx | 2009 | cross-sectional study | No diagnostic study. GP's reasons for referral |
Cameron | 2006 | case series | Case series, selected sample by gastroenterologist. Not all patients had all investigation. Small samples for each group |
Cannon | 1994 | randomised clinical trial | Treatment outcome (imipramine vs. placebo) |
Carter | 1997 | review article | Review article about atypical chest pain |
Cremonini | 2005 | review article | Systematic Review PPI |
Castell | 1998 | Editorial | Editorial |
Chambers | 1998 | observational | Small sample size: n = 23, SI in 7 patients not calculated |
Cheung | 2007 | cross-sectional study | No diagnostic study. Questionnaire to doctors to see what kind of patients they see, what diagnostic tests they use and how they treat. |
Christenson | 2004 | cohort, prospective | Chest discomfort inappropriately not diagnosed ACS. Different research question |
Crichton | 1997 | experimental | Experimental statistical rule out |
Cossentino | 2012 | randomised clinical trial | No diagnostic study. Baclofen in gastro-esophageal diseases |
Dekel | 2003 | cohort, retrospective | No diagnostic study. Prevalence of esophageal motility disorders. |
Dekel | 2004 | Not randomised, not controlled trial | PPI trial only 14 patients included (only GERD positive treated) |
Deng | 2009 | cross-sectional study | No NCCP. Combination between cardiac ischemia and esophageal spasms |
De Vries | 2006 | cross-sectional study | Mixed patient sample with cardiac and non-cardiac chest pain |
Dickman | 2007 | cohort, prospective | No diagnostic study. Prevalence of GI findings in NCCP vs. patients with GERD |
Disla | 1994 | cohort, prospective | No diagnostic study, prevalence |
Domanovits | 2002 | cross-sectional study | Rule out cardiovascular disease. No diagnostic study for NCCP |
Ellis | 1992 | cohort, prospective | No diagnostic study. Treatment outcome in patients with esophageal spasm |
Elloway | 1992 | cross-sectional study | provocative radionuclide esophagealNo comparison to reference test, radionuclide esophageal transit (P-RET) investigation, small sample (n = 30) |
Elloway | 1992 | cross-sectional study | Same study under different title |
Erhardt | 2002 | Guideline | Task force on the management of chest pain |
Esayag | 2008 | retrospective review | Pleuritic chest pain. No reference test, description of presentation and outcome |
Esler | 2001 | randomized clinical trial | Dissertation, same as following. |
Esler | 2003 | randomized clinical trial | Treatment intervention in NCCP. CBT in NCCP seems to reduce chest pain episodes |
Fass | 1999 | cohort, prospective | No diagnostic study. Treatment outcome study |
Fleischmann | 1997 | cross-sectional study | No NCCP. Echokardiographic findings in acute chest pain and health status |
Fletcher | 2011 | cohort, prospective | Sample size: 8 patients with NCCP |
Fornari | 2008 | cohort, retrospective | No NCCP. Only nutcracker esophagus investigated |
Fournier | 1993 | cross-sectional study | No NCCP. Ergovine test during coronary angiogram and induction of coronary spasm |
Fournier | 1993 | cross-sectional study | Same study under different titles |
Foldes | 2011 | cross-sectional study | No comparison of test with reference test. Prevalence of panic disorders |
Frobert | 1996 | cross-sectional study | No diagnostic study. Comparison of characteristics between NCCP with positive treadmill test compared to negative treadmill test. |
Gentile | 2003 | cross-sectional study | Patients with pneumococcal pneumonia. No reference test, description of presentation, microbiological findings and mortality |
Gignoux | 1993 | experimental | No diagnostic study, experimental study |
Goehler | 2011 | experimental | Simulation model of CT scan |
Goodacre | 2004 | randomized clinical trial | No diagnostic study. Comparison of treatments |
Gustafsson | 1997 | non-randomised controlled trial | Sample size: intravenous edrophonium chloride test in 16 patients |
Ha | 1998 | cross-sectional study | No only NCCP. Patients with suspected coronary artery spasm. Ergonovine provocation test and scintigrafic findings. Small sample (n = 26) |
Hamm | 2011 | Guideline | ESC Guidelines |
Herbella | 2009 | cross-sectional study | No NCCP. Presentation of GERD patients |
Hess | 2008 | validation | Diagnostic accuracy to exclude coronary artery disease |
Hillis | 2003 | observational | Correlation of predictors and long term outcome. No diagnostic study |
Hick | 1992 | cohort, retrospective | No diagnostic study. Comparison of characteristics |
Hirano | 2001 | cross-sectional study | No NCCP. Coronary artery spasm |
Ho | 2001 | cross-sectional study | No diagnostic study. Difference between cardiovascular disease and non-cardiovascular disease |
Hobson | 2006 | experimental | Experimental for pain threshold. |
Hobson | 2006 | experimental | Same study under different titels |
Howarth | 2003 | cohort, prospective | Ischemic heart disease and GERD |
Hu | 2000 | experimental | Experimental trial in volunteers |
Hughes | 2007 | cohort, retrospective | No diagnostic study. Risk factors for Reflux or NCCP |
Hung | 2010 | review article | Review article about atypical chest pain |
Ilgen | 2011 | validation | Diagnostic accuracy to exclude coronary artery disease |
Jacobs | 2007 | Guideline | executive summary of management patients with ischemic heart disease |
Jerlock | 2005 | qualitative study | No diagnostic study. Qualitative study |
Johnston | 1993 | cohort, retrospective | No diagnostic study, prevalence |
Jones | 1999 | cross-sectional study | Pleuritic chest pain. Review article |
Kahrilas | 2011 | systematic review | Systematic Review PPI Trial in NCCP, reference publication for included studies |
Kao | 1993 | cross-sectional study | No diagnostic study, prevalence |
Karamanolis | 2008 | experimental | Healthy volunteers |
Karlson | 1994 | observational | No diagnostic study. Prognosis and outcome after discharge for ER |
Ke | 1993 | cohort, prospective | No diagnostic study, prevalence of GERD in NCCP |
Keefe | 2011 | randomised clinical trial | No diagnostic study. Coping skills training, sertraline, placebo |
Keogh | 2004 | cross-sectional study | No diagnostic study. Presence of various psychological factors in the ER in cardiac vs. NCCP on cardiac chest pain |
Kisley | 1997 | cohort, prospective | No diagnostic study. Prognosis after discharge after first admission with acute chest pain |
Klingerman | 2011 | cross-sectional study | Rule out cardiovascular disease. No diagnostic study for NCCP |
Klopocka | 2005 | cohort, prospective | No diagnostic study. Only 24 patients with NCCP |
Klopocka | 2005 | cohort, prospective | Same study under different titles |
Koop | 2005 | journal article | GERD. No diagnostic study in NCCP |
Kumarathurai | 2008 | cohort, prospective | No diagnostic study. |
Kushner | 1992 | cross-sectional study | small sample: n = 27. Presence of panic disorders in relatives. |
Lacy | 2009 | cross-sectional study | Prevalence study |
Lam | 1994 | cohort, prospective | No diagnostic procedure. Only patients included that chest pain was reproduced during the investigation |
Lanzarini | 1994 | cross-sectional study | Description of findings in dobutamine stress echocardiography in patients with positive exercise stress test and negative coronar angiography including ergonovine stress test. |
Lauenbjerg | 1997 | observational | No diagnostic study. Long term prognosis in patients with NCCP of various etiologies |
Lee | 2011 | randomised clinical trial | Conference proceeding. No diagnostic study |
Lee | 2005 | cross-sectional study | Prevalence study |
Lehtola | 2010 | randomised, controlled trial | Treatment outcome (manipulation, acupuncture vs. placebo. No diagnostic study |
Lessard | 2012 | Patients with NCCP with Panic disorders. Two different interventions, no diagnostic study | |
Lien | 2011 | cohort, prospective | NCCP not investigated |
Lin | 2004 | cross-sectional study | No NCCP. GERD symptoms and underlying conditions. Differences between women and men |
Liu | 2006 | cross-sectional study | No NCCP patients. Correlation analysis between psychological factors and findings |
Lopez Gaston | 1994 | cross-sectional study | Only esophageal pain investigated not NCCP |
Lopez Gaston | 1994 | cross-sectional study | Same study under different titles |
Lopez Gaston | 1994 | cross-sectional study | Same study under different titles |
Loten | 2009 | observational | No diagnostic study. Adverse outcome / prognosis of mixed patient population |
Lyer | 2009 | retrospective review | Spontaneous pneumomediastinum. Presentation and findings. No diagnostic study |
MacPherson | 2007 | cross-sectional study | No diagnostic study. Survey of patients after ER diagnosis NCCP about interest in acupuncture |
Maev | 2007 | randomised clinical trial | Conference proceeding |
Maev | 2007 | randomised clinical trial | Same study under different titles |
Makk | 2000 | experimental | Experimental study. No diagnostic study. Comparison of acid infusion and cardiac vs. non-cardiac chest pain. Small sample |
Manchikanti | 2003 | observational | No NCCP. Medial branch blocks for musculoskeletal pain |
Manterola | 2004 | cross-sectional study | No diagnostic study. Clinical presentation of patients with NCCP |
Martina | 1997 | cross-sectional study | All patients presenting in primary care. NCCP not as subgroup investigated |
Matthews | 2005 | Meta-analysis | Meta-analysis for PPI-Trial |
Mayou | 1994 | cohort, prospective | No diagnostic study. Comparison of NCCP vs. IHD patients |
Mayou | 2002 | cohort, prospective | No diagnostic study. One year follow-up in comparison to cardiac chest pain. Comparison of costs to the CVD patients |
Mearin | 1998 | cohort study, prospective | No diagnostic study. Change of habits during manometry |
Mehta | 1995 | experimental | No reference test as “true positive” defined. |
Mendelson | 1997 | cohort, prospective | Reference test are cancer patients. Comparison of Szintigraphy for the diagnosis of costochondritis |
Mitchell | 2006 | cross-sectional study | Prevalence of risk factors and pretest probability |
Miniati | 1999 | cross-sectional study | no NCCP. Pulmonary embolism |
Miniati | 2001 | cross-sectional study | no NCCP. Pulmonary embolism |
Miniati | 2003 | cross-sectional study | no NCCP. Prediction model for pulmonary embolism |
Mujica | 2001 | cohort, prospective | No diagnostic study in patients. Healthy volunteers |
Mulero | 1999 | cross-sectional study | Small sample (n = 24). No reference test. Descriptive findings in SPECT |
Munk | 2008 | cohort, prospective | No diagnostic study. Risk of death in patients with unexplained chest pain |
Nanbu | 1997 | cross-sectional study | Focus on difference between IHD and NCCP patients. Valdity of the medical interview for patients with NCCP |
Nasr | 2010 | experimental | Experimental study. |
Nasr | 2010 | experimental | Same study under different titels |
Nellemann | 2000 | experimental | Small sample (n = 5 with chest pain) |
Nevitt | 1999 | secondary analysis of an RCT | No NCCP. Vertebral fracture |
Nikolic | 2010 | cross-sectional study | No diagnostic study. Comparison of NCCP to IHD patients |
Nilsson | 2003 | cross-sectional study | Prevalence of Diagnosis of IHD in primary care. |
Okada | 1993 | cross-sectional study | No NCCP. Provocation of myocardial ischemia by hyperventilation |
Oliver | 1999 | cross-sectional study | CT in acute non-cardiac chest pain. No reference. Description of diagnoses found. |
Pandak | 2002 | cross-sectional study | duplicate of the study included in the analysis |
Panju | 1996 | observational | No diagnostic study. Patients prognosis after discharge |
Paterson | 1993 | cohort, prospective | exclude, small sample |
Paterson | 1995 | cross-sectional study | No diagnostic study. Description of finding in balloon distention NCCP in comparison to other pain patients |
Paterson | 1996 | cross-sectional study | Not enough information to populate a two by two table. Small sample (n = 23) |
Porter-Moffitt | 2006 | cross-sectional study | Small sample (Chest pain n = 34). Comparison of findings to other pain diagnosis. |
Rasmussen | 2009 | cohort, prospective | No NCCP. Complex regional pain syndrome |
Robertson | 2008 | cross-sectional study | Comparison of psychological morbidity in cardiac vs. Non-cardiac chest pain |
Rosano | 1996 | randomised clinical trial | No diagnostic study. Treatment of 17-beta-estradiol patches compared to placebo on NCCP in postmenopausal women |
Ratnaike | 1993 | retrospective review | No diagnostic study. Audit for IHD |
Rate | 1999 | experimental | healthy volunteers |
Rencoret | 2006 | cross-sectional study | No diagnostic study. Prevalence of esophageal disorders in patients with NCCP compared to other GI diseases |
Repasky | 2005 | validation | ED chest pain pathway |
Rokkas | 1992 | cross-sectional study | Not enough information to populate the two by two table |
Rose | 1994 | cohort, prospective | No diagnostic study. Does esophageal testing prevent persistence of symptoms? No control group |
Rose | 1994 | cohort, prospective | Same study under different titles |
Rosengren | 2008 | Editorial | Editorial |
Rousset | 2011 | retrospective review | No NCCP. Catammenial pneumothorax and endometriosis-related pneumothorax |
Ruigomez | 2004 | cohort study | No diagnostic study. Description of risk factors, incidence and comorbidities |
Sakata | 1996 | cross-sectional study | No reference test. Description of homeostasis and fibrinolysis in patients with coronary artery spasm. Not sure only NCCP patients |
Sakamoto | 2011 | cross-sectional study | Acute chest pain, rule out aortic dissection or pulmonary embolism |
Salles | 2011 | cohort, retrospective | No diagnostic study: SAPHO syndrome, clinical characteristics. |
Sanchis | 2008 | cross-sectional study | clinical risk profile of patients with acute chest pain without ST-segment deviation or troponin elevation |
Scarinci | 1994 | cohort, prospective | No NCCP. Women with GERD clinical presentation |
Schima | 1992 | cohort, prospective | Small sample (n = 4 NCCP) |
Schima | 1992 | cohort, prospective | Same study under different titles |
Schmidt | 2002 | cross-sectional study | No NCCP. General pain patients |
Schmulson | 2004 | review article | Review article about atypical chest pain |
Shahid | 2005 | cross-sectional study | No diagnostic study. Prensentation of young adults with chest pain |
Shapiro | 2006 | No NCCP patients. Functional heart burn (pH Man normal) vs. NERD (ph manometry pathologic) incl. psychometric profile). | |
Sharma | 2010 | experimental | healthy volunteers |
Shelby | 2009 | randomized clinical trial | Same sample as 210 and 217. Description of psychological factors at baseline. |
Sigurdsson | 2009 | retrospective review | Retrospective analysis of lung biopsy. No NCCP group |
Singh | 1993 | retrospective review | duplicate of the included study |
Smith | 2000 | retrospective review | Feasibility study based on records in a chiropractic clinic. |
Smout | 1992 | experimental | experimental. Small sample (n = 10) |
Sobralske | 2005 | review article | Review article about atypical chest pain |
Spencer | 2006 | observational | No NCCP. GI patients long term outcome |
Sporer | 2007 | cross-sectional study | Rule out cardiovascular disease. No diagnostic study for NCCP |
Stahl | 1994 | cohort, prospective | Small sample (n = 13 NCCP patients) |
Steurer | 2010 | Metaanalysis | clinical value of diagnostic instruments to rule out IHD |
Stochkendahl | 2008 | randomised clinical trial | Study protocol |
Stochkendahl | 2012 | randomised, controlled trial | No diagnostic study. Treatment outcome |
Stochkendahl | 2012 | randomised, controlled trial | No diagnostic study. Same study as previous. Treatment outcome 1 year follow-up |
Stollman | 1997 | cross-sectional study | Small sample (n = 14 patients) |
Taylor | 2002 | cross-sectional study | Rule out strategy cardiovascular patients. No diagnostic study in NCCP |
Taniguchi | 2009 | cross-sectional study | Chest pain in asthma. Treatment response to bronchodilatators |
Tew | 1995 | cross-sectional study | No diagnostic study. Outcome cardiovascular patients |
Tougas | 2001 | experimental | Experimental. Autonomic reaction to acid infusion in NCCP patients (n = 28) compared to controls |
Triadafilopoulos | 1997 | cohort, prospective | GERD patients. Description of spectrum of patients. Only a few with NCCP |
Tutuian | 2006 | cross-sectional study | Not enough information to populate a two by two table in NCCP patients with esophageal spasm |
Valdovinos | 2004 | experimental | No reference test. pH Bravo- capsule. Safety, efficacy and experience in 11 patients |
Van Kleef | 1995 | observational | No diagnostic study. Intervention success comparison after radiofrequency lesion of the dorsal root ganglion |
Van Peski-Oosterbaan | 1998 | cross-sectional study | Survey about how people are interested in psychological treatment after discharge after cardiac unit admission. Mixed patients sample. |
van Ravensteijn | 2012 | systematic review | Diagnostic test efficacy in various pain patients |
Varia | 2000 | randomised, controlled trial | No diagnostic study. Comparison efficacy Sertraline vs. Placebo. |
Vent | 2010 | journal article | dysphagia cause of chest pain |
Verdon | 2010 | observational | Chest pain early diagnostic guess accuracy in GP’s |
Vermeltfoort | 2009 | cross-sectional study | Mixed patient sample with cardiac and non-cardiac chest pain |
Volpicelli | 2008 | cohort, prospective | Pleural sonography for the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism |
Wang | 2011 | cross-sectional study | Conference proceeding |
Watkins | 2011 | journal article | Diagnosis and management of community-acquired pneumonia |
Weiner | 2006 | journal article | Cardiac markers in low-risk patients. No study |
Weingarten | 1993 | cross-sectional study | No diagnostic study for NCCP. Reduction of length of stay by complying the guidelines |
White | 2011 | cross-sectional study | no diagnostic study. Prevalence |
Wong | 2002 | cohort, prospective | no comparison to a reference test. Descriptive information only. |
Wulsin | 2002 | randomised clinical trial | no diagnostic study. Treatment of paroxetine vs. usual care |
Yelland | 2010 | review article | Review article about atypical chest pain |
Yu | 1997 | cross-sectional study | Not enough information to populate a two by two table for symptom index and the presence of GERD |
Zalar | 1995 | cross-sectional study | Conference proceeding |
Zarauza | 2003 | observational | No diagnostic study. Follow-up after discharge |
Zheng | 2008 | cross-sectional study | Small sample (n = 27) |
Zheng | 2008 | cross-sectional study | Same study under different title |