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Table 4 Comparison of the four outcome groups

From: The UKCAT-12 study: educational attainment, aptitude test performance, demographic and socio-economic contextual factors as predictors of first year outcome in a cross-sectional collaborative study of 12 UK medical schools

 

Fail (a)

Repeat 1st

Passed after

Passed all

ANOVA (r) Linear

ANOVA (r)

Levene test

Homogenous

  

year (b)

re-sits (c)

first time (d)

trend F(1,n)

Nonlinear F(2,n)

 

subsets (s)

Overall Mark (p, q); All cases

−2.644

−1.924

−1.110

.235

2843.8

36.9

P ≤.001

a,b,c,d

(1.28, 96)

(.99, 94)

(.79, 565)

(.80, 4,056)

P <.001

P <.001

Theory Mark (p)

−1.258

−1.322

-.654

.250

619.9

23.1

NS

ab, c, d

(.44, 29)

(.82, 29)

(.76, 294)

(.68, 1,723)

P <.001

P <.001

Skills Mark (p)

−1.079

-.891

-.616

.214

602.8

32.0

P ≤.001

ab, bc, d

(.84,40)

(.87, 438)

(.90, 438)

(.71, 2,655)

P <.001

P <.001

Totoal UKCAT score (UKCATtotal)

2492

2457

2486

2544

43.7

6.8

NS

abc, ad

(192, 96)

(230,94)

(205, 565)

(205,4,056)

P <.001

P = .001

zUKCAT (p) (zUKCATtotal)

-.121

-.312

-.186

.036

25.3

5.3

NS

abc, ad

(.95,96)

(1.01, 94)

(.99, 565)

(.99, 4,056)

P <.001

P = .005

UKCAT abstract reasoning (p) (zUKCATabstractReasoning)

-.163

-.224

-.096

.022

13.1

0.75

NS

abcd

(.94, 96)

(1.02, 94)

(.97, 565)

(1.00, 4,056)

P <.001

NS

UKCAT decision analysis (p) (zUKCATdecisionAnalysis)

-.064

-.302

-.129

.026

14.01

3.70

NS

abc, ad

(1.08, 96)

(.99, 94)

(.98, 565)

(.995, 4,056)

P <.001

P = .025

UKCAT quantitative reasoning (p) (zUKCATquantitativeReasoning)

.045

-.110

-.116

.018

3.38

3.38

NS

abcd

(.97, 96)

(1.03, 94)

(1.06, 565)

(.99, 4,056)

NS

P = .034

UKCAT verbal reasoning (p) (zUKCATverbalReasoning)

-.087

-.136

-.127

.023

9.56

2.13

NS

abcd

(.97, 96)

(1.16, 94)

(.96, 565)

(1.00, 4,056)

P = .002

NS

Educational attainment (p) (zEducationalAttainment)

-.441

-.653

-.563

.104

156.1

29.5

P ≤.001

abc, d

(.942, 65)

(1.06, 60)

(1.14, 414)

(.94, 2,893)

P <.001

P <.001

Three best A-levels (Alevels_TotalBest)

28.89

28.28

29.06

29.39

44.8

6.47

P ≤.001

a,bc,d

(2.82, 56)

(1.58, 49)

(1.36, 333)

(1.22, 2,326)

P <.001

P = .002

Five best highers (SQAhighers_TotalBest)

48.71

47.50

48.70

48.99

3.8

1.66

NS

abcd

(1.57, 17)

(2.58, 16)

(2.46, 88)

(2.40, 648)

NS

NS

  1. Notes:
  2. P-values are standardized within schools (Note: this is not the case for the raw, UKCAT total mark)
  3. q. In a small proportion of cases, as described in the text, the overall mark is based on a normal score derived from the four-point categorical scale. For comparability with other analyses, the first row includes these cases. However, the second row analyses only cases where an overall mark was explicitly provided.
  4. r. The denominator df, n, can be calculated as N-4, N is the total number of cases (provided in individual cells).
  5. s. If values are together then they are not significantly different from one another and form a homogenous subset with P >.05 using the Ryan-Einot-Gabriel-Welsch range test. As an example, “abc, ad” means that groups a, b and c (Fail, repeat first year and passed after re-sits) do not differ from one another; likewise groups a and d (Fail, Passed all first time) do not differ from one another. Group d (Passed all first time) is significantly different from Repeat first year and Passed after re-sits. “a, b, c, d” indicates each differs from each of the other three groups, and “abcd” indicates no significant post hoc differences.
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BMC Medicine

ISSN: 1741-7015

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