Advances in drug therapy for systemic lupus erythematosus

Table 1 Targets for new therapies in systemic lupus erythematosusa

Mechanism of action	Examples of targets
T cells	CTLA4-Ig, modified CD40L, inhibition of ICOS
	Regulatory T cells: expanding CD4+CD25+, CD8+CD28-
B cells	mAbs to CD20, CD22, BlyS, TACi-Ig, BAFF-RFc
	Proteosome/plasma cells
Cytokines	Inhibition of IL-6, IL-10; TNF inhibitors
Innate immune system	Inhibition of IFN-α and IFN-γ, blockade of TLR-7 and/or TLR-9, C5a inhibition
Toleragens	Peptides derived from nucleosomes, splicosomes
Cell surface receptor activation inhibition	Syk kinase, sirolimus

^aICOS, ; mAbs, monoclonal antibodies; BlyS, B lymphocyte stimulation; TACi-Ig, immunoglobulin; BAFF-RFc, ; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; IFN, interferon; TLR, Toll-like receptor.

ISSN: 1741-7015