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Table 2 Severity of COPDa

From: Variability of the chronic obstructive pulmonary disease key epidemiological data in Europe: systematic review

    

Severityc(%)

Study population

Country (sample size)

Criteria

Ageb(yr)

Stage 1

Stage 2

Stage 3

Stage 4

General population

   Buist et al., 2007 [8]

Austria (1,349)

GOLD 2006

≥40

59.4

35.2

5.4

 

Germany (713)

  

55.3

38.6

6.1

 

Poland (603)

  

50.7

40.7

8.6

 

Norway (707)

  

55.8

37.8

6.4

   Shahab et al., 2006 [29]

United Kingdom (8,215)

GOLD 2006

55.5 (13.5)

41.6

43.9

14.5

   Lindberg et al., 2006 [47]

Sweden (1,237)

GOLD 2006

46-77

57.0

37.0

5.0

1.0

  

BTS 1997

 

65.0

27.0

8.0

NA

   De Marco et al., 2004 [48]d

Belgium (1,122)

GOLD 2003

20-44

58.6

41.4

ND

 

Denmark (394)

  

56.4

43.6

ND

 

France (2,137)

  

66.7

33.3

ND

 

Germany (1,983)

  

64.8

35.2

ND

 

Italy (910)

  

69.4

30.6

ND

 

Ireland (454)

  

75.3

24.7

ND

 

Netherlands (1,362)

  

74.3

25.7

ND

 

Norway (969)

  

40.7

59.3

ND

 

Spain (1,942)

  

59.2

40.8

ND

 

Sweden (1,859)

  

79.3

20.7

ND

 

Switzerland (853)

  

76.3

23.7

ND

 

United Kingdom (1,198)

  

69.8

30.2

ND

   Tzanakis et al., 2004 [33]

Greece (888)

ERS 1995

≥35

58.2

25.6

16.2

NA

   Jansson et al., 2002 [49]

Sweden (212)

BTSe

28-29

75.0

25.0

0

0

   

43-44

46.6

46.6

6.8

0

   

49-50

16.0

64.0

12.0

8.0

   

58-59

15.4

57.7

15.4

11.5

   

64-65

6.9

29.3

41.4

22.4

   

73-74

14.3

21.4

47.6

16.7

   

79-80

9.8

34.2

48.8

7.3

   Viegi et al., 2000 [36]

Italy (1,727)

ERS 1995

≥25

81.0

14.0

5.0

NA

  

ATS 1995

 

98.2

1.8

0

NA

  

Clinicalf

 

86.1

13.9

   Von Hertzen et al., 2000 [50]g

Finland (7,217)

 

≥30

59.8

34.1

6.1

NA

General practitioner and/or chest specialist

   Izquierdo et al., 2009 [51]

Spain (3,619)

GOLD 2006

67.0 (10.8)

20.1

54.0

22.1

3.8

   Bednarek et al., 2008 [27]

Poland (1,960)

GOLD 2006

56.7 (11.6)

30.6

51.4

15.3

2.7

   Hoogendoorn et al., 2006 [52]

Sweden (481)

GOLD 2006

65.5

30.0

51.0

17.0

2.0

   Piperno et al., 2005 [14]

France (3,411)

SPLF 1996

58.4 (9.9)

31.3

50.2

18.5

NA

   Detournay et al., 2004 [53]

France (255)

SPLF 1996

67.1

56.0

27.0

17.0

NA

   Soriano et al., 2000 [54]

United Kingdom (23,277)

Prescriptions

66.7 (15.5)

35.5

56.4

8.1

NA

Hospital

   Soler-Cataluña et al., 2005 [55]

Netherlands (304)

GOLD 2006

71 (9)

6.6

35.8

33.6

24.0

   Tsoumakidou et al., 2004 [56]

Greece (67)

ERS 1995

69.0

0

4.5

95.5

NA

  

BTS 1997

69.5

1.5

14.9

83.6

NA

  

ATS 1995

67.6

4.5

28.3

67.2

NA

  

GOLD 2001

69.5

0

58.2

41.8

   Kornmann et al., 2003 [57]

Germany (1,434)

GOLD 2001

{55}

7.9

73.0

19.1

  1. aCOPD severity data are reported for the general population, inpatients, general practitioner reports, general practitioner and chest specialist reports or are taken from medical databases. bAge was reported in various ways distinguished here as follows: "≥ x", minimum age; "x" or "x (y)", mean age or mean age (SD); "x-y", age range i.e. min-max; "{x}", median age. mean age (±SD); median age; age range, min-max. cERS 1995, ATS 1995, BTS 1995 and SPLF 1995 classifications define only three stages. dIn this study, based on the GOLD 2003 severity scale, the estimates for stage 0 defining patients at risk of COPD ranged from 51.7% in Switzerland to 89.8% in Spain. ePatients with both FEV1/FVC <70% and FEV1 ≥80% (considered as having COPD in the GOLD 2006 classification but not in the BTS 1995 classification) were also included in the study. fAirway obstruction of any degree was defined by FEV1/FVC ratio <70% and the severity of obstruction was graded according to the FEV1 value: mild (FEV1 ≥70% of predicted) and moderate to severe (FEV1 <70% of predicted). gAirway obstruction of any degree was defined by FEV1/FVC ratio <80% and the severity of obstruction was graded according to the FEV1/FVC value: 70-79%, minimal to mild; 50-69%, moderate; <50%, severe. Abbreviations used: COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ERS 1995, European Respiratory Society 1995 classification; ATS 1995, American Thoracic Society 1995 classification; BTS 1995, British Thoracic Society 1995 classification; SPLF 1995, Société de Pneumonologie de Langue Française 1995 classification; GOLD 2001, GOLD 2003 and GOLD 2006, Global Obstructive Lung Disease 2001, 2003 and 2006 classifications; ND, not defined; NA, not applicable; FEV1, maximum expiratory volume in 1 second; FVC, forced vital capacity.
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