|
Azacitidine
|
DNMT inhibitors
|
5-azacytidine; a chemical analogue of cytidine that affects DNA methylation as a false substrate
|
Phases I, II and III: myelodysplastic syndromes such as leukemia
|
[60]
|
|
Decitabine
|
DNMT inhibitors
|
5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine, a chemical analogue of cytidine that affects DNA methylation as a false substrate
|
Phases I, II and III: myelodysplastic syndromes such as leukemia, cervical, and non-small-cell lung cancer
|
[60]
|
|
Depsipeptide
|
HDAC inhibitors
|
Cyclic tetrapeptide
|
Phases I and II: hematological tumors such as leukemia and lymphoma
|
[78, 79]
|
|
Phenylbutyrate
|
HDAC inhibitors
|
Aliphatic acid
|
Phases I and II: hematological tumors such as leukemia and lymphoma and colorectal cancer
|
[78, 79]
|
|
Valproic acid
|
HDAC inhibitors
|
Aliphatic acid
|
Phase I: hematological tumors such as leukemia and lymphoma
|
[78, 79]
|
|
Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid
|
HDAC inhibitors
|
Hydroxamic acid
|
Phases I and II: hematological tumors, such as leukemia and lymphoma, solid tumors
|
[78, 79]
|
|
Resveratrol
|
SIRT1 activator
|
A natural compound enriched in grapes and red wine
|
Phase I and II: diabetes, obesity, Alzheimer's disease and cancers
|
[118, 119]
|
|
Genistein
|
Inhibitor of both DNMTs and HDACs
|
Active epigenetic diet found in soybean products
|
Preclinical: diabetes and cancer
|
[61, 63, 122, 123]
|
|
EGCG
|
Inhibitor of both DNMTs and HDACs
|
Active epigenetic dietary compound enriched in green tea
|
Phase I: diabetes, cardiovascular disease and cancer
|
[61, 62, 124, 125]
|
|
Sulforaphane
|
HDAC inhibitor
|
Active epigenetic dietary compound enriched in broccoli sprouts
|
Preclinical
|
[80, 121]
|
