Outcome | Arm | Number of patients | Prevalence number (%) | Crude RD a (95% CI) | Adjusted RD b (95% CI) | P -value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Patients with fever treated with rAM | Control | 9,231 | 2180 (24%) | 0 | 0 | Â |
HW | 9,752 | 1700 (17%) | 0.07 (0.004, 0.13) | 0.03 (−0.04, 0.10) | 0.44 | |
HWP | 7,887 | 1304 (16%) | 0.07 (0.01, 0.14) | 0.05 (−0.002, 0.10) | 0.06 | |
Patients with no fever treated with rAM | Control | 4,863 | 82 (2%) | 0 | 0 | Â |
HW | 6,062 | 193 (3%) | −0.003 (−0.02, 0.01) | 0.002 (−0.01, 0.01) | 0.52 | |
HWP | 5,984 | 40 (1%) | 0.01 (−0.01, 0.03) | 0.002 (−0.01, 0.01) | 0.73 | |
RDT uptake | ||||||
Patients with fever tested with RDT | Control | 9,297 | 4960 (53%) | 0 | 0 | Â |
HW | 9,825 | 5374 (55%) | −0.04 (−0.15, 0.07) | −0.04 (−0.20, 0.10) | 0.57 | |
HWP | 7,963 | 5153 (65%) | −0.12 (−0.21, −0.03) | −0.02 (−0.13, 0.09) | 0.72 | |
RDT eligible (fever and no obvious alternate diagnosis) not tested | Control | 8,241 | 3697 (45%) | 0 | 0 | Â |
HW | 9,064 | 4000 (44%) | 0.04 (−0.07, 0.15) | 0.06 (−0.11, 0.23) | 0.44 | |
HWP | 7,292 | 2459 (34%) | 0.12 (0.04, 0.21) | 0.18 (0.05, 0.32) | 0.01 | |
RDT ineligible (no fever) tested | Control | 4,874 | 587 (12%) | 0 | 0 | Â |
 | HW | 6,083 | 955 (16%) | −0.01 (−0.07, 0.04) | 0.01 (−0.06, 0.07) | 0.86 |
 | HWP | 6,000 | 518 (9%) | 0.02 (−0.05, 0.09) | 0.02 (−0.04, 0.09) | 0.43 |
Presumptive treatment | ||||||
RDT eligible treated presumptively for malaria | Control | 8,241 | 471 (6%) | 0 | 0 | Â |
HW | 9,064 | 374 (4%) | 0.02 (−0.01, 0.05) | 0.01 (−0.02, 0.04) | 0.40 | |
HWP | 7,292 | 256 (4%) | 0.02 (−0.003, 0.05) | 0.02 (−0.004, 0.05) | 0.09 | |
RDT ineligible treated presumptively for malaria | Control | 4,874 | 42 (1%) | 0 | 0 | Â |
HW | 6,083 | 47 (1%) | 0.004 (−0.001, 0.01) | 0.003 (−0.001, 0.01) | 0.15 | |
HWP | 6,000 | 12 (0.2%) | 0.007 (0.003, 0.01) | 0.004 (−0.0001, 0.01) | 0.05 | |
Adherence to RDT negative | ||||||
RDT negative receiving AM | Control | 4,015 | 762 (19%) | 0 | 0 | Â |
HW | 4,539 | 250 (6%) | 0.14 (0.08, 0.20) | 0.10 (0.03, 0.17) | 0.01 | |
HWP | 4,330 | 189 (4%) | 0.15 (0.09, 0.21) | 0.10 (0.04, 0.16) | 0.002 | |
RDT negative receiving AM (among those with fever) | Control | 3,488 | 723 (21%) | 0 | 0 | Â |
HW | 3,793 | 235 (6%) | 0.16 (0.08, 0.23) | 0.11 (0.03, 0.19) | 0.01 | |
HWP | 3,897 | 177 (5%) | 0.21 (0.04, 0.17) | 0.12 (0.05, 0.19) | 0.002 | |
RDT negative receiving AM (among those with no fever) | Control | 527 | 39 (7%) | 0 | 0 | Â |
HW | 746 | 15 (2%) | 0.05 (−0.01, 0.10) | 0.03 (0.01 0.05) | 0.004 | |
HWP | 433 | 12 (3%) | 0.04 (−0.01, 0.10) | - | - | |
Adherence to RDT positive | ||||||
RDT positive receiving rAM | Control | 1,455 | 1166 (80%) | 0 | 0 | Â |
 | HW | 1,696 | 1402 (83%) | −0.10 (−0.35, 0.15) | −0.13 (−0.45, 0.19) | 0.39 |
 | HWP | 1,249 | 963 (77%) | −0.17 (−0.41, 0.06) | −0.04 (−0.25, 0.17) | 0.69 |
RDT positive receiving rAM (among those with fever) | Control | 1,406 | 1149 (82%) | 0 | 0 | Â |
HW | 1,508 | 1255 (83%) | −0.07 (−0.31, 0.18) | −0.11 (−0.44, 0.22) | 0.49 | |
HWP | 1,180 | 942 (79%) | −0.14 (−0.37, 0.09) | −0.01 (−0.23, 0.21) | 0.89 | |
RDT positive receiving rAM (among those without fever) | Control | 49 | 17 (35%) | Â | Â | Â |
HW | 188 | 147 (78%) | - | - | Â | |
HWP | 69 | 21 (30%) | - | - | Â | |
Treatment with antibiotics | ||||||
Non-malarial illness receiving ABx | Control | 8,942 | 6865 (77%) | 0 | 0 | Â |
HW | 10,118 | 7886 (78%) | 0.01 (−0.09, 0.12) | 0.02 (−0.22, 0.24) | 0.89 | |
HWP | 10,163 | 7525 (74%) | 0.01 (−0.04, 0.07) | 0.14 (−0.01, 0.29) | 0.06 | |
RDT negative receiving ABx | Control | 4,015 | 2977 (74%) | 0 | 0 | Â |
HW | 4,539 | 3527 (78%) | −0.02 (−0.12, 0.09) | 0.003 (−0.23, 0.24) | 0.98 | |
HWP | 4,330 | 3236 (75%) | −0.004 (−0.07, 0.06) | 0.13 (−0.02, 0.27) | 0.08 | |
RDT eligible receiving ABx | Control | 8,241 | 5731 (70%) | 0 | 0 | Â |
HW | 9,064 | 6808 (75%) | −0.03 (−0.13, 0.07) | 0.01 (−0.21, 0.25) | 0.89 | |
HWP | 7,292 | 4,994 (68%) | 0.01 (−0.09, 0.10) | 0.13 (−0.03, 0.30) | 0.09 | |
RDT ineligible receiving ABx | Control | 4,863 | 3774 (78%) | 0 | 0 | Â |
HW | 6,062 | 4531 (75%) | 0.07 (−0.07, 0.20) | 0.03 (−0.21, 0.28) | 0.77 | |
HWP | 5,984 | 4334 (72%) | 0.04 (−0.02, 0.10) | 0.15 (0.01, 0.30) | 0.04 |