Variable | N | All n = 142 | Survivors n = 95 | Deaths n = 47 | P b |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 141 | 35 (25–45) | 31 (24–46) | 35 (25–45) | 1.00 |
Sex (% male) | 141 | 71Â % | 74Â % | 64Â % | 0.24 |
Glasgow Coma Score | 142 | 9 (6–13) | 10 (8–14) | 8 (4–10) | <0.001 |
Mean arterial pressure (mmHg) | 140 | 82 (72–93) | 80 (72–90) | 83 (71–97) | 0.32 |
Respiratory rate (breaths/min) | 137 | 30 (26–36) | 30 (25–36) | 32 (28–40) | 0.02 |
Oxygen saturation (%) | 138 | 96 (94–97) | 96 (94–97) | 96 (93–97) | 0.39 |
Temperature (°C) | 142 | 38 (37.2– 38.9) | 37.9 (37.2–38.6) | 38.2 (37.1–39.2) | 0.25 |
Heart rate (beats/min) | 138 | 109 (96–122) | 107 (93–119) | 117 (102–132) | 0.02 |
Plasma sodium (mmol/L) | 140 | 135 (132–139) | 135 (132–139) | 135 (132–140) | 0.4 |
Plasma potassium (mmol/L) | 139 | 4 (3.6–4.5) | 3.9 (3.6–4.4) | 4.2 (3.8–4.6) | 0.05 |
Blood urea nitrogen (mmol/L) | 141 | 14.3 (8.8–24.1) | 12.9 (8.2 –22) | 17.9 (10.3–29.3) | 0.02 |
Plasma creatinine (μmol/L) | 140 | 136 (88–220) | 122 (86–193) | 150 (97–300) | 0.16 |
Plasma lactate (mmol/L) | 141 | 4.3 (2.6–6.6) | 3.7 (2.2–5.1) | 6.3 (4.1–10) | <0.001 |
Base deficit (meq/L) | 140 | 8 (3–12) | 6.5 (2–10) | 12 (5–17) | <0.001 |
White cell count (x 109/L) | 104 | 8.5 (6.1–10.9) | 8 (5.4–10) | 10.9 (7.2–11.5) | 0.002 |
Haemoglobin (g/dL) | 139 | 9.6 (7.8–11.3) | 9.3 (8–11.2) | 10.2 (7–12) | 0.64 |
Platelet count (x 109/L) | 107 | 36 (21–66) | 43 (24–87) | 27 (15–41) | 0.02 |
Microvascular obstruction (%)a | 142 | 11.9 (3–26.7) | 8.3 (1.7–26.6) | 14.9 (6.6–34.9) | 0.039 |
PfHRP2 (ng/mL) | 135 | 2,268 (960–4,789) | 2,151 (881–4,261) | 2,584 (1,075–5,946) | 0.17 |
Parasite count (parasites/uL) | 134 | 67,133 (20,253–274,499) | 97,968 (11,681–310,546) | 60,288 (24,116–176,845) | 0.59 |
Angiopoietin-2 (ng/mL) | 126 | 19.1 (10.8–29.1) | 14.9 (9.8–29.3) | 21.9 (13.4–29.4) | 0.035 |
L-arginine (μmol/L) | 126 | 59.6 (44.3–79.9) | 59.6 (44.1–77.8) | 60.1 (38.3–71.5) | 0.78 |
ADMA (μmol/L) | 126 | 0.77 (0.58–1.01) | 0.77 (0.57–0.99) | 0.77 (0.58–1.18) | 0.58 |
L-arginine: ADMA ratio | 126 | 73.3 (59.8–90.6) | 72.7 (62.7–89.6) | 73.5 (58.6–90.7) | 0.43 |
VEGF (pg/mL) | 125 | 27.3 (0–59.2) | 24.9 (0–54.7) | 34.1.7 (0–64.9) | 0.93 |
Plasma glucose (mmol/L) | 137 | 6.6 (5–9.2) | 6.8 (5.3–9.3) | 6.2 (3.6–9.1) | 0.07 |