Variable | Crude rate ratio | Adjusted rate ratioa |
---|---|---|
(95Â % CI) | (95Â % CI) | |
No diabetes | 1.00 | 1.00 |
Diabetes | 1.20 (1.02–1.41) | 1.30 (1.01–1.66) |
Age (per 1 year increase) | 1.02 (1.01–1.03) | 1.03 (1.02–1.04) |
Smoking | Â | Â |
 Non-smoker | 1.00 | 1.00 |
 Ex-smoker | 1.23 (1.06–1.44) | 1.27 (1.00–1.61) |
 Current smoker | 1.73 (1.48–2.03) | 1.67 (1.27–2.19) |
Alcohol intake | Â | Â |
 Non-drinker | 1.00 | 1.00 |
 Ex-drinker | 0.64 (0.44–0.94) | 1.00 (0.58–1.73) |
 Moderate drinker | 0.50 (0.42–0.59) | 0.86 (0.65–1.13) |
 Heavy drinker | 0.66 (0.51–0.85) | 1.04 (0.69–1.59) |
BMIb | Â | Â |
 <20 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
 20- < 25 | 0.41 (0.33–0.51) | 0.62 (0.42–0.90) |
 25- < 30 | 0.26 (0.21–0.32) | 0.35 (0.24–0.51) |
 ≥30 | 0.21 (0.17–0.27) | 0.29 (0.19–0.45) |
Ethnicity | Â | Â |
 White | 1.00 | 1.00 |
 South Asian | 9.41 (7.48–11.84) | 10.77 (7.84–14.81) |
 Black | 3.47 (2.11–5.72) | 2.28 (1.01–5.16) |
 Mixed or Other | 2.84 (1.70–4.75) | 2.50 (1.23–5.07) |
Index of Multiple Deprivationc | Â | Â |
 1 – Least deprived | 1.00 | 1.00 |
 2 | 1.45 (1.10–1.91) | 1.24 (0.89–1.72) |
 3 | 1.38 (1.03–1.84) | 1.19 (0.85–1.67) |
 4 | 1.76 (1.33–2.33) | 1.36 (0.97–1.90) |
 5 – Most deprived | 2.31 (1.75–3.04) | 1.47 (1.05–2.07) |
Consultation rated | Â | Â |
 1st tertile (0–6) | 1.00 | N/A |
 2nd tertile (7–12) | 2.08 (1.71–2.54) |  |
 3rd tertile (13-maximum) | 4.58 (3.81–5.51) |  |
Total number of consultationse | Â | Â |
 1st tertile (1–15) | 1.00 | N/A |
 2nd tertile (16–49) | 0.54 (0.46–0.63) |  |
 3rd tertile (50-maximum) | 0.26 (0.23–0.31) |  |