Table 2 Contraindications for lung transplantation

Absolute contraindications

• Active malignancy in the last 2 years except for cutaneous squamous and basal cell tumors

• Untreatable dysfunction of another major organ

• Incurable extrapulmonary infection

• Significant chest wall or spine deformity

• Inability to follow through with medical therapy

• Lack of dependable social support

• Substance addiction within the last 6 months

Relative contraindications

• Age older than 70 years (65 in some centers)

• Critical or unstable clinical condition

• Severely limited functional status with poor rehabilitation potential

• Colonization with highly resistant or virulent bacteria, fungi

• Severe obesity (a body mass index > 30 kg/m²)

• Severe or symptomatic osteoporosis