Table 1 Baseline characteristics of study participants by cohort and case status (death during follow-up) and number of cases for cause-specific mortality analyses by cohort

Total sample size

525

1498

518

1776

390

1278

269

3,758

Age (years)

62.9 (56.7; 67.0)*

62.1 (55.8; 66.5)

63.6 (58.6; 67.4)

63.0 (57.9; 66.8)

66.5 (61.1; 70.3)

66.1 (60.5; 70.1)

74.1 (70.0; 78.1)*

69.2 (64.3; 74.0)

 45 to <60

190 (36.2)

594 (39.7)

154 (29.7)

559 (31.5)

79 (20.3)

292 (22.9)

10 (3.7)*

345 (9.2)

 60 to <65

126 (24.0)

355 (23.7)

144 (27.8)

518 (29.2)

83 (21.3)

265 (20.7)

18 (6.9)*

681 (18.1)

 65 to <70

198 (37.7)

507 (33.9)

198 (38.2)

634 (35.7)

124 (31.8)

391 (30.6)

42 (15.6)*

1020 (27.1)

 70 to <85

11 (2.1)

42 (2.8)

22 (4.3)

65 (3.7)

104 (26.7)

330 (25.8)

199 (74.0)*

1712 (45.6)

Male sex

357 (68.0)

1015 (67.8)

339 (65.4)

1170 (65.9)

261 (66.9)

830 (65.0)

158 (58.7)*

1636 (43.5)

 Low

90 (17.2)*

168 (11.2)

90 (17.5)*

175 (10.0)

68 (17.8)*

130 (10.3)

192 (73.3)

2633 (71.1)

 Medium

322 (61.5)*

842 (56.2)

377 (73.5)*

1296 (73.7)

181 (47.4)*

463 (36.6)

59 (22.5)

852 (23.0)

 High

112 (21.4)*

488 (32.5)

46 (9.0)*

287 (16.3)

133 (34.8)*

672 (53.1)

11 (4.2)

218 (5.9)

BMI (kg/m²)

27.4 (24.5; 30.9)

27.9 (25.1; 30.7)

28.7 (25.7; 32.0)*

28.0 (25.5; 30.9)

28.5 (25.4; 32.8)

29.0 (25.7; 32.1)

28.3 (24.9; 31.2)

27.8 (25.1; 30.9)

 <20

13 (2.5)

24 (1.6)

10 (1.9)*

20 (1.1)

11 (2.8)*

10 (0.8)

5 (2.0)

47 (1.3)

 20 to <25

130 (24.9)

330 (22.1)

92 (17.8)*

344 (19.4)

74 (19.0)*

236 (18.5)

60 (23.4)

857 (23.2)

 25 to <30

222 (42.5)

682 (45.6)

207 (40.0)*

827 (46.6)

154 (39.5)*

516 (40.4)

112 (43.6)

1625 (44.0)

 30 to <35

110 (21.1)

362 (24.2)

149 (28.8)*

450 (25.4)

98 (25.1)*

369 (28.9)

52 (20.2)

859 (23.3)

 ≥35

47 (9.0)

98 (6.6)

60 (11.6)*

134 (7.6)

53 (13.6)*

147 (11.5)

28 (10.9)

304 (8.2)

 Never

124 (23.8)*

598 (40.0)

140 (27.5)*

761 (43.6)

176 (46.2) *

742 (58.7)

100 (38.8)*

2119 (57.3)

 Former

175 (33.5)*

510 (34.1)

192 (37.6)*

598 (34.3)

99 (26.0) *

295 (23.3)

123 (47.7)*

1310 (35.4)

 Current

223 (42.7)*

386 (25.8)

178 (34.9)*

386 (22.1)

106 (27.8) *

227 (18.0)

35 (13.6)*

271 (7.3)

Alcohol consumption (g/day)

0 (0; 11.4)*

0 (0; 25.4)

11.4 (2.7; 31.9)*

14.3 (5.7; 30.3)

0 (0; 8)

1.4 (0; 10.3)

3.4 (0; 13.5)*

6.7 (0; 14.4)

Vigorous physical activity

331 (67.8)*

1078 (75.4)

298 (60.8)*

1295 (74.7)

176 (46.4)*

742 (58.7)

87 (41.6)*

2067 (62.4)

Total cholesterol (mg/dL)

218 (192; 251)

219 (195; 247)

213 (186; 239)*

218 (194; 247)

220 (190; 251)*

225 (200; 255)

211 (180; 249)*

233 (202; 265)

 <200

180 (34.3)

443 (29.7)

206 (39.9)*

550 (31.0)

124 (31.8)*

323 (25.4)

102 (38.1)*

868 (23.1)

 200 to <280

297 (56.6)

930 (62.1)

272 (52.6)*

1088 (61.3)

230 (59.0)*

801 (62.9)

135 (50.4)*

2278 (60.7)

 ≥280

48 (9.1)

125 (8.3)

39 (7.5)*

138 (7.8)

36 (9.2)*

149 (11.7)

31 (11.6)*

609 (16.2)

HDL cholesterol (mg/dL)

51 (42; 61)*

52 (44; 61)

48 (40; 58)*

49 (41; 60)

53 (43; 63)*

54 (46; 65)

54 (45; 64)*

59 (49; 70)

 <40

97 (18.5)*

187 (12.5)

132 (25.5)

369 (20.9)

72 (19.0)*

133 (10.6)

38 (14.2)*

221 (5.9)

 40 to <80

392 (74.7)*

1237 (82.6)

359 (69.4)

1313 (74.3)

280 (73.7)*

1024 (81.7)

207 (77.2)*

3098 (82.5)

 ≥80

36 (6.9)*

74 (4.9)

26 (5.0)

86 (4.9)

28 (7.4)*

96 (7.7)

23 (8.6)*

436 (11.6)

CRP (mg/L)

2.6 (1.1; 5.6)*

1.7 (0.8; 3.1)

2.7 (1.12; 5.6)*

1.9 (0.9; 3.6)

2.7 (1.2; 5.6)*

1.6 (0.8; 3.2)

2.8 (1.3; 6.2)*

1.8 (0.9; 3.7)

 ≤3

294 (56.0)*

1100 (73.4)

281 (54.3)*

1218 (68.6)

214 (54.9)*

931 (72.9)

143 (53.2)*

2567 (68.3)

 >3 to ≤10

165 (31.4)*

328 (21.9)

185 (35.7)*

474 (26.7)

125 (32.1)*

276 (21.6)

96 (35.7)*

967 (25.7)

 >10

66 (12.6)*

70 (4.7)

52 (10.0)*

84 (4.7)

51 (13.1)*

71 (5.6)

30 (11.2)*

224 (6.0)

eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m²)

89.2 (76.1; 97.5)

88.6 (77.7; 95.7)

78.2 (64.9; 90.4)*

80.1 (69.3; 90.6)

85.0 (70.0; 93.4)

86.5 (74.1; 94.2)

63.9 (51.8; 76.9)*

71.8 (62.7; 80.7)

 ≥60

487 (92.7)*

1440 (96.1)

426 (82.2)*

1600 (90.1)

336 (86.2)*

1184 (92.6)

163 (60.6)*

3001 (80.0)

 <60

38 (7.2)*

58 (3.9)

92 (17.8)*

176 (9.9)

54 (13.9)*

94 (7.4)

106 (39.4)*

757 (20.1)

History of hypertension

323 (61.9)*

837 (55.9)

300 (58.6)*

902 (50.9)

248 (65.1)

788 (62.4)

221 (82.2)*

2637 (70.2)

History of diabetes

111 (21.2)*

207 (13.8)

123 (24.0)*

243 (13.7)

56 (14.7)*

91 (7.2)

108 (40.2)*

892 (23.7)

History of MI

110 (21.1)*

147 (9.9)

69 (14.1)*

104 (6.1)

71 (18.6)*

121 (9.6)

50 (18.6)*

217 (5.8)

History of stroke

31 (6.0)*

33 (2.2)

40 (8.2)*

59 (3.5)

35 (9.2)*

68 (5.4)

46 (17.1)*

262 (7.0)

History of cancer

52 (9.9)*

67 (4.5)

53 (10.2)*

93 (5.2)

58 (14.9)*

104 (8.1)

94 (34.9)*

428 (11.4)

d-ROMs (Carr U)

368 (324; 425)*

349 (309; 394)

404 (350; 470)*

381 (335; 439)

372 (330; 421)*

356 (317; 393)

369 (320; 406)*

350 (305; 395)

 ≤340

178 (33.9)*

650 (43.4)

102 (19.7)*

483 (27.2)

123 (31.5)*

498 (39.0)

96 (35.7)*

1649 (43.9)

 341–400

167 (31.8)*

514 (34.1)

146 (28.2)*

564 (31.8)

138 (35.4)*

500 (39.1)

94 (34.9)*

1250 (33.3)

 401–500

143 (27.2)*

314 (21.0)

185 (35.7)*

561 (31.6)

101 (25.9)*

258 (20.2)

70 (26.0)*

789 (21.0)

 >500

37 (7.0)*

20 (1.3)

85 (16.4)*

168 (9.5)

28 (7.2)*

22 (1.7)

9 (3.3)*

70 (1.9)

TTL (μmol/L)

509 (445; 566)*

518 (464; 570)

406 (363; 452)

411 (371; 450)

313 (273; 357)*

321 (283; 359)

303 (239; 356) *

335 (284; 383)

 CVD

165 (32.0)

n.a.

189 (36.6)

n.a.

155 (39.7)

n.a.

51 (31.7)

n.a.

 Cancer

235 (45.5)

n.a.

235 (45.5)

n.a.

158 (40.5)

n.a.

74 (46.0)

n.a.

 Non-CVD, non-cancer

116 (22.5)

n.a.

93 (18.0)

n.a.

77 (19.7)

n.a.

36 (22.4)

n.a.

 Unknown

9 (n.a.)

n.a.

1 (n.a.)

n.a.

0 (n.a.)

n.a.

108 (n.a.)^a

n.a.