| |
AN-R (N = 30)
|
AN-BP (N = 41)
|
BN (N = 55)
|
BED (N = 61)
|
Sub-threshold BN (N = 21)
|
Sub-threshold BED (N = 16)
|
Atypical AN (N = 28)
|
Other OSFED (N = 18)
|
PD (N = 27)
|
|---|
|
Risk factors
|
OR (95% CI)
|
OR (95% CI)
|
OR (95% CI)
|
OR (95% CI)
|
OR (95% CI)
|
OR (95% CI)
|
OR (95% CI)
|
OR (95% CI)
|
OR (95% CI)
|
|
Adopted or taken into care
|
(N = 27)
|
(N = 40)
| |
(N = 59)
|
(N = 19)
| |
(N = 27)
| |
(N = 26)
|
|
–
|
2.35 (0.59–9.28)
|
0.44 (0.06–3.39)
|
1.43 (0.40–5.19)
|
–
|
1.27 (0.16–9.88)
|
0.79 (0.09–7.19)
|
–
|
0.73 (0.01–6.01)
|
|
Death of carer
| |
(N = 42)
| | | | | | | |
|
0.83(0.22–3.16)
|
0.99 (0.28–3.48)
|
1.16 (0.44–3.10)
|
1.72 (0.71–4.13)
|
1.31 (0.26–6.69)
|
0.59 (0.1–5.48)
|
2.27 (0.68–7.59)
|
2.27 (0.62–8.32)
|
7.12** (2.32–21.85)
|
|
Parental separation or divorce
| |
(N = 40)
| | |
(N = 20)
| | | | |
|
2.51(0.83–7.58)
|
1.06 (0.42–2.66)
|
2.02* (1.10–3.75)
|
2.01* (1.06–3.83)
|
–
|
1.45 (0.41–5.07)
|
2.49* (1.02–6.05)
|
0.25 (0.03–2.05)
|
0.85 (0.31–2.25)
|
|
Child sexual abuse (any)
|
(N = 28)
| |
(N = 54)
|
(N = 59)
| | |
(N = 27)
|
(N = 17)
|
(N = 25)
|
|
1.83 (0.72–4.65)
|
3.81*** (1.95–7.43)
|
4.70*** (2.60–8.50)
|
3.42*** (1.95–5.99)
|
3.23* (1.30–8.00)
|
8.11*** (2.74–23.94)
|
2.16 (0.90–5.15)
|
3.11 (0.77–12.60)
|
1.88 (0.79–4.48)
|
|
Childhood unhappiness
| | |
(N = 54)
| | | | | | |
|
2.52*** (1.19–5.34)
|
1.95 (0.87–4.38)
|
4.58*** (2.56–8.20)
|
3.66*** (2.01–6.68)
|
1.61 (0.50–5.16)
|
1.91 (0.52–6.96)
|
1.92 (0.70–5.25)
|
2.97 (0.98–8.99)
|
2.65* (1.17–6.00)
|
|
Weighted life event score
|
(N = 29)
|
(N = 42)
| |
(N = 60)
|
(N = 22)
| | | |
(N = 26)
|
|
1.05* (1.01–1.09)
|
1.06*** (1.03–1.08)
|
1.08*** (1.05–1.11)
|
1.08*** (1.05–1.11)
|
1.04* (1.00–1.07)
|
1.06** (1.02–1.11)
|
1.10*** (1.06–1.14)
|
1.01 (0.95–1.08)
|
1.04* (1.00–1.08)
|
|
Parental bonding
|
|
Maternal care
| |
(N = 42)
|
(N = 55)
| | | | | | |
|
Top quartile
|
0.75 (0.52–1.09)
|
0.84 (0.70–1.02)
|
0.79* (0.67–0.94)
|
0.90 (0.77–1.05)
|
0.76 (0.56–1.04)
|
0.85 (0.60–1.19)
|
1.09 (0.88–1.35)
|
1.17 (0.83–1.64)
|
0.94 (0.72–1.24)
|
|
Bottom quartile
|
1.83 (0.87–3.82)
|
1.62 (0.75–3.51)
|
2.30* (1.26–4.20)
|
1.95* (1.03–3.68)
|
0.99 (0.28–3.6111)
|
6.73*** (2.32–19.54)
|
1.72 (0.63–4.65)
|
1.69 (0.53–5.41)
|
3.40* (1.52–7.58)
|
|
Parental overprotection
|
1.01 (0.94–1.10)
|
1.09* (1.02–1.16)
|
1.08* (1.01–1.16)
|
1.13** (1.05–1.21)
|
1.13** (1.05–1.23)
|
1.02 (0.86–1.21)
|
1.12* (1.02–1.23)
|
1.10 (0.93–1.31)
|
1.19*** (1.10–1.29)
|
|
Locus of control
|
1.05 (0.92–1.20)
|
1.17 (0.99–1.38)
|
1.05 (0.93–1.20)
|
1.19* (1.01–1.39)
|
1.20 (0.89–1.62)
|
1.10 (0.85–1.43)
|
1.15 (0.92–1.43)
|
1.11 (0.85–1.43)
|
1.11 (0.93–1.33)
|
|
Interpersonal sensitivity
| | |
(N = 56)
| | | | | |
(N = 26)
|
|
1.05* (1.02–1.08)
|
1.05*** (1.03–1.07)
|
1.06*** (1.04–1.08)
|
1.04*** (1.02–1.06)
|
1.03** (1.01–1.05)
|
1.04* (1.01–1.07)
|
1.04** (1.02–1.07)
|
0.98 (0.94–1.02)
|
1.02 (0.99–1.04)
|
|
Fixed factors
|
|
WASI total IQ scorec
|
1.01 (0.97–1.05)
|
1.04* (1.01–1.07)
|
1.02 (0.99–1.05)
|
1.02 (0.98–1.06)
|
1.02 (0.97–1.07)
|
1.04 (0.97–1.10)
|
1.01 (0.95–1.07)
|
0.97 (0.93–1.01)
|
1.02 (0.97–1.06)
|
- *P ≤ 0.05; **P ≤ 0.001; ***P < 0.0001; 4522 women are the referent group
-
aAll analyses are adjusted for ethnicity, age at assessment, educational status
-
bN of women in each diagnostic group are shown in each cell if they differ from the overall N indicated in the top row
-
cAvailable on n = 2165, adjusted for ethnicity and age at assessment
-
AN-R anorexia nervosa-restrictive, AN-BP anorexia nervosa-binge-purge, BN bulimia nervosa, BED binge eating disorder, OSFED other specified feeding and eating disorder, PD purging disorder, WASI Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence
