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Table 1 Sensitivity analyses of pooled RRs of cardiovascular events and mortality

From: What is the association of hypothyroidism with risks of cardiovascular events and mortality? A meta-analysis of 55 cohort studies involving 1,898,314 participants

 

IHD

Cardiac mortality

Cardiovascular mortality

N

studies

RR

(95% CI)

I 2

P

valuea

N

studies

RR

(95% CI)

I 2

P

valuea

N

studies

RR

(95% CI)

I 2

P

valuea

Statistical model

 Random effects

13

1.13 (1.01–1.26)

40.2%

0.07

7

1.96 (1.38–2.80)

66.2%

0.007

17

1.11 (0.97–1.28)

11.1%

0.32

 Fixed effects

13

1.12 (1.05–1.20)

-

-

7

1.73 (1.45–2.08)

-

-

17

1.11 (0.99–1.25)

-

-

Analyses with

 Large cohortb

3

1.11 (1.01–1.21)

0.0%

0.70

1

1.38 (1.03–1.84)

-

-

2

1.50 (1.05–2.14)

0.0%

0.52

 No RT at baseline

7

1.11 (1.03–1.20)

0.0%

0.49

6

2.22 (1.52–3.24)

60.6%

0.03

8

1.13 (0.95–1.35)

5.6%

0.39

 High-quality studiesc

11

1.13 (1.03–1.25)

31.5%

0.15

5

1.77 (1.23–2.54)

70.3%

0.009

14

1.11 (0.92–1.32)

23.7%

0.20

Analyses except

 Outlier studyd

13

1.13 (1.01–1.26)

40.2%

0.07

5

1.55 (1.15–2.08)

37.9%

0.17

17

1.11 (0.97–1.28)

11.1%

0.32

 Calculated RRse

12

1.12 (1.01–1.24)

38.3%

0.09

7

1.96 (1.38–2.80)

66.2%

0.007

16

1.11 (0.96–1.28)

16.3%

0.27

 

All-cause mortality

Stroke

HF

N

studies

RR

(95% CI)

I 2

P

valuea

N

studies

RR

(95% CI)

I 2

P

valuea

N

studies

RR

(95% CI)

I 2

P

valuea

Statistical model

 Random effects

40

1.25 (1.13–1.39)

86.9%

<0.001

9

1.09 (0.96–1.24)

52.3%

0.03

8

1.13 (0.98–1.30)

54.8%

0.03

 Fixed effects

40

1.20 (1.16–1.23)

-

-

9

1.03 (0.97–1.09)

-

-

8

1.07 (1.00–1.14)

-

-

Analyses with

 Large cohortb

7

1.18 (0.94–1.48)

97.0%

<0.001

2

1.01 (0.86–1.19)

86.3%

0.007

2

1.03 (0.95–1.11)

0.0%

0.87

 No RT at baseline

20

1.32 (1.10–1.59)

92.0%

<0.001

1

0.93 (0.85–1.01)

-

-

4

1.02 (0.95–1.09)

0.0%

0.90

 High-quality studiesc

34

1.25 (1.11–1.39)

88.6%

<0.001

9

1.09 (0.96–1.24)

52.3%

0.03

6

1.17 (0.99–1.39)

66.3%

0.01

Analyses except

 Outlier studyd

32

1.30 (1.22–1.39)

26.4%

0.09

8

1.12 (1.04–1.21)

0.0%

0.43

7

1.07 (0.94–1.21)

34.4%

0.16

 Calculated RRse

38

1.27 (1.15–1.41)

87.1%

<0.001

9

1.09 (0.96–1.24)

52.3%

0.03

8

1.13 (0.98–1.30)

54.8%

0.03

 

MI

AF

Total cardiovascular events

N

studies

RR

(95% CI)

I 2

P

valuea

N

studies

RR

(95% CI)

I 2

P

valuea

N

studies

RR

(95% CI)

I 2

P

valuea

Statistical model

 Random effects

7

1.15 (1.05–1.25)

0.0%

0.43

4

1.02 (0.71–1.46)

70.6%

0.02

8

1.16 (0.97–1.38)

73.4%

<0.001

 Fixed effects

7

1.15 (1.05–1.25)

-

-

4

1.02 (0.85–1.21)

-

-

8

1.06 (1.01–1.11)

-

-

Analyses with

 Large cohortb

2

1.12 (1.02–1.24)

0.0%

0.55

2

1.09 (0.59–2.02)

89.9%

0.002

2

1.15 (0.84–1.57)

92.2%

<0.001

 No RT at baseline

4

1.12 (1.02–1.23)

0.0%

0.57

1

0.80 (0.62–1.03)

-

-

3

1.12 (0.80–1.56)

25.2%

0.26

 High-quality studiesc

7

1.15 (1.05–1.25)

0.0%

0.43

3

1.06 (0.66–1.70)

79.9%

0.007

8

1.19 (0.99–1.43)

73.5%

<0.001

Analyses except

 Outlier studyd

7

1.15 (1.05–1.25)

0.0%

0.43

3

0.83 (0.67–1.03)

0.0%

0.85

7

1.28 (1.16–1.40)

0.0%

0.50

 Calculated RRse

6

1.14 (1.05–1.24)

0.0%

0.58

4

1.02 (0.71–1.46)

70.6%

0.02

8

1.16 (0.97–1.38)

73.4%

<0.001

  1. AF atrial fibrillation, CI confidence interval, HF heart failure, IHD ischemic heart disease, MI myocardial infarction, RR relative risk, RT replacement therapy
  2. a P value for heterogeneity
  3. bLarge cohort studies with >10,000 population
  4. cHigh-quality studies with a total score of ≥6
  5. dOutlier studies found by sensitivity analyses (hetred command); there were 2 for cardiac mortality, 8 for all-cause mortality, 1 for stroke, 1 for HF, 1 for AF, and 1 for total cardiovascular events
  6. eThree cohort studies did not report the estimates: Aho et al. [21] (cardiovascular mortality), Bai et al. [20] (IHD, all-cause mortality, MI), Parle et al. [19] (all-cause mortality)
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