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Table 6 Overall changes over the 6-month period by study group (intention to treat)

From: Effects of unconditional cash transfers on the outcome of treatment for severe acute malnutrition (SAM): a cluster-randomised trial in the Democratic Republic of the Congo

Parameters

Intervention arm

Control arm

P valuea

Number (%)

734

(49.6)

747

(50.4)

Length/height change (mm/week), mean (SD)

1.14

±1.00

1.17

±0.88

0.644

HAZ change (Z-score/month), mean (SD)

–0.05

±0.15

–0.04

±0.12

0.578

Weight change (gram/kg/day), mean (SD)b

1.86

±0.68

1.41

±0.74

<0.001

WAZ change (Z-score/month), mean (SD)b

0.25

±0.11

0.16

±0.12

<0.001

WHZ change (Z-score/month), mean (SD)b

0.45

±0.18

0.30

±0.18

0.001

BMIZ change (Z-score/month), mean (SD)b

0.48

±0.21

0.33

±0.20

0.005

MUAC change (mm/day), mean (SD)

0.12

±0.04

0.08

±0.04

<0.001

MUACZ-age change (Z-score/month), mean (SD)

0.33

±0.11

0.22

±0.12

<0.001

MUACZ-ht change (Z-score/month), mean (SD)

0.35

±0.11

0.24

±0.12

<0.001

IDDS change, mean (SD)

1.53

±1.44

0.59

±1.24

0.013

HDDS change, mean (SD)

2.34

±1.91

0.44

±1.41

<0.001

HDDS category, n (%)

    

<0.001

 Lowest dietary diversity (≤3 food groups)

66

(9.0)

194

(26.0)

 

 Medium dietary diversity (4–5 food groups)

205

(27.9)

358

(47.9)

 

 High dietary diversity (≥6 food groups)

439

(59.8)

126

(16.9)

 

 Lost to follow-upc

24

(3.3)

69

(9.2)

 

FCS change, mean (SD)

19.9

±13.1

5.7

±13.1

<0.001

FCS category, n (%)

    

<0.001

 Poor (score 0 - 28)

2

(0.3)

11

(1.5)

 

 Borderline (score 28.5–42)

26

(3.5)

175

(23.4)

 

 Acceptable (score >42)

682

(92.9)

492

(65.9)

 

 Lost to follow-upc

24

(3.3)

69

(9.2)

 
  1. aComparisons between arms were made by using linear mixed-effects models for continuous outcomes, whereas mixed-effects logistic regression models were used for proportions, with health centre as random effects
  2. bChildren with oedema were excluded from the analysis of parameters including weight
  3. cNinety-three participants were dead, defaulters, unknown or withdrew from the study