A pragmatic lifestyle modification programme reduces the incidence of predictors of cardio-metabolic disease and dysglycaemia in a young healthy urban South Asian population: a randomised controlled trial

Table 2 Effect of pragmatic lifestyle modification as compared to control lifestyle modification on the incidence of the primary cardio-metabolic composite endpoint and its individual components in 3539 healthy participants

Component of primary composite end-point	Pragmatic lifestyle modification n = 1726	Control lifestyle modification n = 1813	Incident rate ratio (95% confidence intervals)	P value
Composite	479	561	0.89 (0.83–0.96)	0.002
New onset T2DM	58	72	0.8 (0.65–1.02)	0.08
New onset IGT	143	168	0.89 (0.79–1.01)	0.08
New onset IFG	146	166	0.93 (0.82–1.06)	0.27
New onset dysglycaemia^a	347	406	0.9 (0.83–0.97)	0.013
Hypertension	115	152	0.79 (0.68–0.9)	0.01
Statin therapy	41	46	0.92 (0.72–1.18)	0.5
Renal disease events	2	8	0.26 (0.1–0.63)	0.003
Cardiovascular events	1	0		N/A
Deaths	2	0		N/A

^aComposite of T2DM, IFG and IGT. T2DM type 2 diabetes mellitus, IGT impaired glucose tolerance, IFG impaired fasting glycaemia, N/A not applicable