Table 4 Associations of our prognostic classification with clinicopathological features (validation set)

Age at diagnosis

0.219

  ≤ 60

108

64 (31%)

44 (38%)

  > 60

217

145 (69%)

72 (62%)

Sex

0.419

 Female

157

105 (50%)

52 (44%)

 Male

171

106 (50%)

65 (56%)

AJCC stage

0.759

 1

54

35 (12%)

19 (11%)

 2

403

255 (84%)

148 (85%)

 3

10

5 (2%)

5 (3%)

 4

11

8 (3%)

3 (2%)

Pathological type

0.087

 Ductal

504

308 (98%)

196 (100%)

 Other

6

6 (2%)

0 (0%)

Pathological grade

1.50 × 10^–3*

 1

27

24 (16%)

3 (3%)

 2

138

90 (59%)

48 (54%)

 3

75

38 (25%)

37 (42%)

 4

2

1 (1%)

1 (1%)

Pathological tumor size (pT)

0.879

 pT1

15

9 (4%)

6 (5%)

 pT2

57

36 (16%)

21 (16%)

 pT3

281

181 (78%)

100 (76%)

 pT4

11

6 (3%)

5 (4%)

Pathological lymph node status (pN)

0.824

 Negative

123

79 (30%)

44 (29%)

 Positive

291

183 (70%)

108 (71%)

Collisson subtypes

1.00 × 10^–6*

 Classical

223

130 (38%)

93 (43%)

 Exocrine-like

194

147 (42%)

47 (22%)

 Quasi-mesenchymal

145

69 (20%)

76 (35%)

Moffitt subtypes, ‘type’

7.80 × 10^–15*

 Basal-like

214

88 (25%)

126 (58%)

 Classical

348

258 (75%)

90 (42%)

Bailey subtypes

1.00 × 10^–6*

 ADEX

128

114 (33%)

14 (6%)

 Immunogenic

101

69 (20%)

32 (15%)

 Pancreatic progenitor

133

90 (26%)

43 (20%)

 Squamous

200

73 (21%)

127 (59%)

2-year OS (95% CI)

562

48% (42–54)

25% (0.18–0.33)

4.33 × 10^–9*

Median OS, months (range)

562

22.8 (1–156.4)

15.0 (1–103.92)